{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:51:40Z","timestamp":1760122300864},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]],"date-time":"2013-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1385856000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Infections with the Gram-negative bacterium\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Burkholderia pseudomallei<\/jats:named-content>\n            (melioidosis) are associated with high mortality, and there is currently no approved vaccine to prevent the development of melioidosis in humans. Infected patients also do not develop protective immunity to reinfection, and some individuals will develop chronic, subclinical infections with\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. pseudomallei<\/jats:named-content>\n            . At present, our understanding of what constitutes effective protective immunity against\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. pseudomallei<\/jats:named-content>\n            infection remains incomplete. Therefore, we conducted a study to elucidate immune correlates of vaccine-induced protective immunity against acute\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. pseudomallei<\/jats:named-content>\n            infection. BALB\/c and C57BL\/6 mice were immunized subcutaneously with a highly attenuated, Select Agent-excluded\n            <jats:italic>purM<\/jats:italic>\n            deletion mutant of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. pseudomallei<\/jats:named-content>\n            (strain Bp82) and then subjected to intranasal challenge with virulent\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. pseudomallei<\/jats:named-content>\n            strain 1026b. Immunization with Bp82 generated significant protection from challenge with\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. pseudomallei<\/jats:named-content>\n            , and protection was associated with a significant reduction in bacterial burden in lungs, liver, and spleen of immunized mice. Humoral immunity was critically important for vaccine-induced protection, as mice lacking B cells were not protected by immunization and serum from Bp82-vaccinated mice could transfer partial protection to nonvaccinated animals. In contrast, vaccine-induced protective immunity was found to be independent of both CD4 and CD8 T cells. Tracking studies demonstrated uptake of the Bp82 vaccine strain predominately by neutrophils in vaccine-draining lymph nodes and by smaller numbers of dendritic cells (DC) and monocytes. We concluded that protection following cutaneous immunization with a live attenuated\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Burkholderia<\/jats:named-content>\n            vaccine strain was dependent primarily on generation of effective humoral immune responses.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00915-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,8]],"date-time":"2013-10-08T00:22:55Z","timestamp":1381191775000},"page":"4626-4634","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Correlates of Immune Protection following Cutaneous Immunization with an Attenuated Burkholderia pseudomallei Vaccine"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Ediane B.","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rocky Mountain Regional Center of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Research and Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Goodyear","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rocky Mountain Regional Center of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Research and Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marjorie D.","family":"Sutherland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rocky Mountain Regional Center of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Research and Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole L.","family":"Podnecky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rocky Mountain Regional Center of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Research and Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mercedes","family":"Gonzalez-Juarrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rocky Mountain Regional Center of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Research and Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Herbert P.","family":"Schweizer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rocky Mountain Regional Center of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Research and Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven W.","family":"Dow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rocky Mountain Regional Center of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Research and Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.18.2.383-416.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1385"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1204699"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(99)00059-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.4.1.52"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(08)70002-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(94)90286-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1993.tb01712.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/599211"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1104.041051"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13374-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1997.57.96"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/159.5.890"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1981.tb135443.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","first-page":"115","article-title":"Melioidosis: a report of ten cases","volume":"39","author":"Thin RN","year":"1970","unstructured":"ThinRNBrownMStewartJBGarrettCJ. 1970. 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