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Screening of a library of transposon-mutagenized\n                    <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n                    spores identified a mutant displaying an altered phenotype that harbored a mutated gene encoding the purine biosynthetic enzyme PurH. PurH is a bifunctional protein that catalyzes the final steps in the biosynthesis of the purine IMP. We constructed and characterized defined\n                    <jats:italic>purH<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutants of the virulent\n                    <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n                    Ames strain. The virulence of the\n                    <jats:italic>purH<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutants was assessed in guinea pigs, mice, and rabbits. The spores of the\n                    <jats:italic>purH<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutants were as virulent as wild-type spores in mouse intranasal and rabbit subcutaneous infection models but were partially attenuated in a mouse intraperitoneal model. In contrast, the\n                    <jats:italic>purH<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutant spores were highly attenuated in guinea pigs regardless of the administration route. The reduced virulence in guinea pigs was not due solely to a germination defect, since both bacilli and toxins were detected\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    , suggesting that the significant attenuation was associated with a growth defect\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    . We hypothesize that an intact purine biosynthetic pathway is required for the virulence of\n                    <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n                    in guinea pigs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00925-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,1]],"date-time":"2010-11-01T23:17:34Z","timestamp":1288653454000},"page":"153-166","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Role of Purine Biosynthesis in\n                    <i>Bacillus anthracis<\/i>\n                    Pathogenesis and Virulence"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Amy","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacteriology Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Cote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacteriology Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Twenhafel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tod","family":"Merkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Respiratory and Special Pathogens, Division of Bacterial, Parasitic, and Allergenic Products, CBER, FDA, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel","family":"Bozue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacteriology Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Welkos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacteriology Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)30072-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.184.22.6130-6137.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.156.3.1107-1117.1983"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(01)00197-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3002(53)90086-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01202-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2004.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.1.5.446-454.1970"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/229051a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1110\/ps.034199.107"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.2000.01005.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/w05-036"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.2007\/008292-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.008656-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2005.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.74.1.469-480.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1965.10480843"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0959-9673.2006.00473.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.171.4.2136-2141.1989"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)47560-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.155.1.169-179.1983"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(01)00021-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)61218-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1990.tb00605.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","first-page":"335","volume":"20","year":"2000","unstructured":"Friedlander, A. 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