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The objective of this study was to determine the molecular mechanisms used by eosinophils and neutrophils to control infections with<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">S. stercoralis<\/jats:named-content>. Using mice deficient in the eosinophil granule products major basic protein (MBP) and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), it was determined that eosinophils kill the larvae through an MBP-dependent mechanism in the primary immune response if other effector cells are absent. Infecting<jats:italic>PHIL<\/jats:italic>mice, which are eosinophil deficient, with<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">S. stercoralis<\/jats:named-content>resulted in development of primary and secondary immune responses that were similar to those of wild-type mice, suggesting that eosinophils are not an absolute requirement for larval killing or development of secondary immunity. Treating<jats:italic>PHIL<\/jats:italic>mice with a neutrophil-depleting antibody resulted in a significant impairment in larval killing. Na\u00efve and immunized mice with neutrophils deficient in myeloperoxidase (MPO) infected with<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">S. stercoralis<\/jats:named-content>had significantly decreased larval killing. It was concluded that there is redundancy in the primary immune response, with eosinophils killing the larvae through an MBP-dependent mechanism and neutrophils killing the worms through an MPO-dependent mechanism. Eosinophils are not required for the development or function of secondary immunity, but MPO from neutrophils is required for protective secondary immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00931-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,12]],"date-time":"2011-04-12T05:29:37Z","timestamp":1302586177000},"page":"2770-2778","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Major Basic Protein from Eosinophils and Myeloperoxidase from Neutrophils Are Required for Protective Immunity to Strongyloides stercoralis in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Amy E.","family":"O'Connell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica A.","family":"Hess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilberto A.","family":"Santiago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas J.","family":"Nolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James B.","family":"Lok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James J.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic\u2014Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Abraham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.2.810-817.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/expr.1995.1036"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1985.34.735"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"585","article-title":"Neutrophil-mediated killing of Dipetalonema viteae microfilariae: simultaneous presence of IgE, IgG antibodies and complement is required","volume":"51","author":"Aime N.","year":"1984","unstructured":"AimeN.HaqueA.BonnelB.TorpierG.CapronA.. 1984. 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