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Here, we have investigated the effect of an acute viral infection on the cellular composition and bacterial protection in<jats:italic>Mycobacterium bovis<\/jats:italic>strain bacille Calmette-Gue\u0301rin (BCG)-induced granulomas using an immunocompetent and a partially immunodeficient murine model. Acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) coinfection of C57BL\/6 mice led to substantial accumulation of gamma interferon (IFN-\u03b3)-producing LCMV-specific T cells in liver granulomas and increased local IFN-\u03b3. Despite traffic of activated T cells that resulted in a CD8 T-cell-dominated granuloma, the BCG liver organ load was unaltered from control levels. In OT-1 T-cell-receptor (TCR) transgenic mice, ovalbumin (OVA) immunization or LCMV coinfection of BCG-infected mice induced CD8 T-cell-dominated granulomas containing large numbers of non-BCG-specific activated T cells. The higher baseline BCG organ load in this CD8 TCR transgenic animal allowed us to demonstrate that OVA immunization and LCMV coinfection increased anti-BCG protection. The bacterial load remained substantially higher than in mice with a more complete TCR repertoire. Overall, the present study suggests that peripherally activated CD8 T cells can be recruited to chronic inflammatory sites, but their contribution to protective immunity is limited to conditions of underlying immunodeficiency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00943-06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,19]],"date-time":"2006-12-19T01:33:49Z","timestamp":1166492029000},"page":"1154-1166","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Virally Activated CD8 T Cells Home to<i>Mycobacterium bovis<\/i>BCG-Induced Granulomas but Enhance Antimycobacterial Protection Only in Immunodeficient Mice"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Laura H.","family":"Hogan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53706"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dominic O.","family":"Co","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53706"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jozsef","family":"Karman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53706"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erika","family":"Heninger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53706"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Suresh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matyas","family":"Sandor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53706"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.160.2.521"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-8749(02)00601-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.11.5788"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.4.1739-1750.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80469-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/srin.2001.24241"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.11.6056"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.12.8456"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1091"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20022151"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3236","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.7.3236","volume":"160","year":"1998","unstructured":"Curtsinger, J. 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