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We report here that infection of THP-1 cells with<jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>inhibited expression of MHC-II molecules and antigen (Ag) processing. Heat-killed<jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>(HKBA) also induced both these phenomena, indicating the independence of bacterial viability and involvement of a structural component of the bacterium. Accordingly, outer membrane protein 19 (Omp19), a prototypical<jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>lipoprotein, inhibited both MHC-II expression and Ag processing to the same extent as HKBA. Moreover, a synthetic lipohexapeptide that mimics the structure of the protein lipid moiety also inhibited MHC-II expression, indicating that any<jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>lipoprotein could down-modulate MHC-II expression and Ag processing. Inhibition of MHC-II expression and Ag processing by either HKBA or lipidated Omp19 (L-Omp19) depended on Toll-like receptor 2 and was mediated by interleukin-6. HKBA or L-Omp19 also inhibited MHC-II expression and Ag processing of human monocytes. In addition, exposure to the synthetic lipohexapeptide inhibited Ag-specific T-cell proliferation and IFN-\u03b3 production of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from<jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>-infected patients. Together, these results indicate that there is a mechanism by which<jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>may prevent recognition by T cells to evade host immunity and establish a chronic infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00949-07","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,6]],"date-time":"2007-11-06T01:44:07Z","timestamp":1194313447000},"page":"250-262","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["<i>Brucella abortus<\/i>Inhibits Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Expression and Antigen Processing through Interleukin-6 Secretion via Toll-Like Receptor 2"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Paula","family":"Barrionuevo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioqui\u0301mica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunogene\u0301tica, Hospital de Cli\u0301nicas \u201cJose\u0301 de San Marti\u0301n,\u201d Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana","family":"Cassataro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioqui\u0301mica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunogene\u0301tica, Hospital de Cli\u0301nicas \u201cJose\u0301 de San Marti\u0301n,\u201d Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Victoria","family":"Delpino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioqui\u0301mica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Astrid","family":"Zwerdling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioqui\u0301mica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunogene\u0301tica, Hospital de Cli\u0301nicas \u201cJose\u0301 de San Marti\u0301n,\u201d Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karina A.","family":"Pasquevich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioqui\u0301mica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunogene\u0301tica, Hospital de Cli\u0301nicas \u201cJose\u0301 de San Marti\u0301n,\u201d Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clara Garci\u0301a","family":"Samartino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioqui\u0301mica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunogene\u0301tica, Hospital de Cli\u0301nicas \u201cJose\u0301 de San Marti\u0301n,\u201d Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge C.","family":"Wallach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seccio\u0301n Brucelosis, Hospital F. 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