{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T21:57:23Z","timestamp":1762898243074},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,1]],"date-time":"2006-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1162339200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infection with the soil bacterium<jats:italic>Burkholderia pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>can result in a variety of clinical outcomes, including asymptomatic infection. The initial immune defense mechanisms which might contribute to the various outcomes after environmental contact with<jats:italic>B. pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>are largely unknown. We have previously shown that relatively resistant C57BL\/6 mice can restrict bacterial<jats:italic>B. pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>growth more efficiently within 1 day after infection than highly susceptible BALB\/c mice. By using this model, our study aimed to investigate the role of macrophage-mediated effector mechanisms during early<jats:italic>B. pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>infection. Depletion of macrophages revealed an essential role of these cells in the early control of infection in BALB\/c and C57BL\/6 mice. Strikingly, the comparison of the anti-<jats:italic>B. pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>activity of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM) from C57BL\/6 and BALB\/c mice revealed an enhanced bactericidal activity of C57BL\/6 BMM, particularly after gamma interferon (IFN-\u03b3) stimulation. In vitro experiments with C57BL\/6<jats:italic>gp91phox<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>\u2212<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>\u2212<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup>BMM showed an impaired intracellular killing of<jats:italic>B. pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>compared to experiments with wild-type cells, although C57BL\/6<jats:italic>gp91phox<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>\u2212<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>\u2212<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup>cells still exhibited substantial killing activity. The anti-<jats:italic>B. pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>activity of C57BL\/6<jats:italic>iNOS<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>\u2212<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>\u2212<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup>BMM was not impaired. C57BL\/6<jats:italic>gp91phox<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>\u2212<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>\u2212<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup>mice lacking a functional NADPH oxidase were more susceptible to infection, whereas C57BL\/6 mice lacking inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) did not show increased susceptibility but were slightly more resistant during the early phase of infection. Thus, our data suggest that IFN-\u03b3-mediated but iNOS-independent anti-<jats:italic>B. pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>mechanisms of macrophages might contribute to the enhanced resistance of C57BL\/6 mice compared to that of BALB\/c mice in the early phase of infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00966-06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,20]],"date-time":"2006-10-20T22:57:47Z","timestamp":1161385067000},"page":"6300-6309","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Role of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and NADPH Oxidase in Early Control of<i>Burkholderia pseudomallei<\/i>Infection in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Katrin","family":"Breitbach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Friedrich Loeffler Institute of Medical Microbiology, Ernst Moritz Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonja","family":"Klocke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Tschernig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nico","family":"van Rooijen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Baumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivo","family":"Steinmetz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Friedrich Loeffler Institute of Medical Microbiology, Ernst Moritz Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-147-12-3197"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.62.6.2590-2599.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200323825"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1462-5822.2003.00277.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.25.5.4487"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0912.020750"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001432-200204000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1998.01139.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/513928"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.11.7332-7339.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.52.32773"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6734","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.11.6734","volume":"162","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gomes, M. 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