{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T02:36:21Z","timestamp":1791945381541,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]],"date-time":"2013-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1364774400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Tannerella forsythia<\/jats:named-content>\n            is an anaerobic, Gram-negative bacterium involved in the so-called \u201cred complex,\u201d which is associated with severe and chronic periodontitis. The surface layer (S-layer) of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">T. forsythia<\/jats:named-content>\n            is composed of cell surface glycoproteins, such as TfsA and TfsB, and is known to play a role in adhesion\/invasion and suppression of proinflammatory cytokine expression. Here we investigated the association of this S-layer with serum resistance and coaggregation with other oral bacteria. The growth of the S-layer-deficient mutant in a bacterial medium containing more than 20% non-heat-inactivated calf serum (CS) or more than 40% non-heat-inactivated human serum was significantly suppressed relative to that of the wild type (WT). Next, we used confocal microscopy to perform quantitative analysis on the effect of serum. The survival ratio of the mutant exposed to 100% non-heat-inactivated CS (76% survival) was significantly lower than that of the WT (97% survival). Furthermore, significant C3b deposition was observed in the mutant but not in the WT. In a coaggregation assay, the mutant showed reduced coaggregation with\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Streptococcus sanguinis<\/jats:named-content>\n            ,\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Streptococcus salivarius<\/jats:named-content>\n            , and\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:named-content>\n            but strong coaggregation with\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Fusobacterium nucleatum<\/jats:named-content>\n            . These results indicated that the S-layer of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">T. forsythia<\/jats:named-content>\n            plays multiple roles in virulence and may be associated with periodontitis.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00983-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,29]],"date-time":"2013-01-29T02:27:29Z","timestamp":1359426449000},"page":"1198-1206","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["The Surface Layer of Tannerella forsythia Contributes to Serum Resistance and Oral Bacterial Coaggregation"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Naohiro","family":"Shimotahira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Microbiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 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