{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T14:08:01Z","timestamp":1790518081245,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,1]],"date-time":"2008-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1201824000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Two-component regulatory systems are involved in processes important for bacterial pathogenesis. Inactivation of the\n            <jats:italic>misR<\/jats:italic>\n            \/\n            <jats:italic>misS<\/jats:italic>\n            system in\n            <jats:italic>Neisseria meningitidis<\/jats:italic>\n            results in the loss of phosphorylation of the lipooligosaccharide inner core and causes attenuation in a mouse model of meningococcal infection. One hundred seventeen (78 up-regulated and 39 down-regulated) potential regulatory targets of the MisR\/MisS (MisR\/S) system were identified by transcriptional profiling of the NMB\n            <jats:italic>misR<\/jats:italic>\n            mutant and the parental wild-type meningococcal strain NMB. The regulatory effect was further confirmed in a subset of target genes by quantitative real-time PCR and \u03b2-galactosidase transcriptional fusion reporter assays. The MisR regulon includes genes encoding proteins necessary for protein folding in the bacterial cytoplasm and periplasm, transcriptional regulation, metabolism, iron assimilation, and type I protein transport. Mutation in the MisR\/S system caused increased sensitivity to oxidative stress and also resulted in decreased susceptibility to complement-mediated killing by normal human serum. To identify the direct targets of MisR regulation, electrophoretic mobility shift assays were carried out using purified MisR-His\n            <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n            protein. Among 22 genes examined,\n            <jats:italic>misR<\/jats:italic>\n            directly interacted with 14 promoter regions. Six promoters were further investigated by DNase I protection assays, and a MisR-binding consensus sequence was proposed. Thus, the direct regulatory targets of MisR and the minimal regulon of the meningococcal MisR\/S two-component signal transduction system were characterized. These data indicate that the MisR\/S system influences a wide range of biological functions in\n            <jats:italic>N. meningitidis<\/jats:italic>\n            either directly or via intermediate regulators.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.01007-07","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,4]],"date-time":"2007-12-04T01:44:19Z","timestamp":1196732659000},"page":"704-716","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["MisR\/MisS Two-Component Regulon in\n            <i>Neisseria meningitidis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Yih-Ling","family":"Tzeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlene M.","family":"Kahler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical, Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinjian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David S.","family":"Stephens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"},{"name":"Laboratories of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80584-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/1232"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M604971200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.12.5008-5014.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-145-10-2967"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.849004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mmbr.61.3.319-336.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.188.7.2483-2492.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.185.1.155-164.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.8.4834-4845.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.664303"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.202353699"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.183.6.1835-1842.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01807-05"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01158.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-5274(00)00070-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","unstructured":"Two-component signal transduction. 1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80547-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.4.1.71-81.1976"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2001.02324.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.72.121801.161459"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cwi018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.12.5939-5947.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.6.3597-3604.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0923-2508(01)01278-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02174444"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(02)00596-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.24.8443-8452.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2000.02050.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","first-page":"127","volume":"6","year":"2001","unstructured":"Liu, X., D. 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