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Caspase-1 is required for processing and release of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2), IL-18, and possibly IL-33. In the present study, we evaluated the role of caspase-1 in chlamydial infection and pathogenesis. Although chlamydial infection induced caspase-1 activation and processing of IL-1\u03b2, mice competent and mice deficient in caspase-1 experienced similar courses of chlamydial infection in their urogenital tracts, suggesting that<jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>-activated caspase-1 did not play a significant role in resolution of chlamydial infection. However, when genital tract tissue pathologies were examined, the caspase-1-deficient mice displayed much reduced inflammatory damage. The reduction in inflammation was most obvious in the fallopian tube tissue. These observations demonstrated that although caspase-1 is not required for controlling chlamydial infection, caspase-1-mediated responses can exacerbate the<jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>-induced inflammatory pathologies in the upper genital tract, suggesting that the host caspase-1 may be targeted for selectively attenuating chlamydial pathogenicity without affecting the host defense against chlamydial infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.01064-07","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,20]],"date-time":"2007-11-20T02:08:18Z","timestamp":1195524498000},"page":"515-522","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":122,"title":["Caspase-1 Contributes to<i>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/i>-Induced Upper Urogenital Tract Inflammatory Pathologies without Affecting the Course of Infection"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Wen","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Microbiology and Immunology"},{"name":"Departments of Immunology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pooja","family":"Shivshankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Microbiology and Immunology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhongyu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Microbiology and Immunology"},{"name":"Parasitology, The Central South University, Xiangya Medical School, 168 Tongzipo Rd., Changsha, Hunan 410013, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Microbiology and Immunology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I-Tien","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, Texas 78229"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guangming","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Microbiology and Immunology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.11.4830-4833.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200205000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.5.3197"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0083-6729(06)74009-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0606854104"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00081-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.75.1.21"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.63.12.4704-4714.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.65.6.2145-2152.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.11.6187"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.3.1861-1864.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.3.1868-1872.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.6.3074-3078.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.187.4.487"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M610762200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","first-page":"pe31","volume":"2007","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gadina, M., and C. 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