{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T13:29:07Z","timestamp":1780406947345,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,1]],"date-time":"2014-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1391212800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    High concentrations of lung tissue-associated interleukin-10 (IL-10), an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive cytokine, correlate with susceptibility of mice to\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Coccidioides<\/jats:named-content>\n                    spp. infection. In this study, we found that macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, and both CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells recruited to\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Coccidioides posadasii<\/jats:named-content>\n                    -infected lungs of nonvaccinated and vaccinated mice contributed to the production of IL-10. The major IL-10-producing leukocytes were CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells, neutrophils, and macrophages in lungs of nonvaccinated mice, while both Foxp3\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and Foxp3\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    subsets of IL-10\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells were significantly elevated in vaccinated mice. Profiles of the recruited leukocytes in lungs revealed that only CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells were significantly increased in\n                    <jats:italic>IL-10<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    knockout mice compared to their wild-type counterparts. Furthermore,\n                    <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    recall assays showed that CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells isolated from vaccinated\n                    <jats:italic>IL-10<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice compared to vaccinated wild-type mice produced significantly higher amounts of IL-2, gamma interferon (IFN-\u03b3), IL-4, IL-6, and IL-17A in the presence of a coccidioidal antigen, indicating that IL-10 suppresses Th1, Th2, and Th17 immunity to\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Coccidioides<\/jats:named-content>\n                    infection. Analysis of absolute numbers of CD44\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD62L\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T effector memory T cells (T\n                    <jats:sub>EM<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and IFN-\u03b3- and IL-17A-producing CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells in the lungs of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Coccidioides<\/jats:named-content>\n                    -infected mice correlated with better fungal clearance in nonvaccinated\n                    <jats:italic>IL-10<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice than in nonvaccinated wild-type mice. Our results suggest that IL-10 suppresses CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T-cell immunity in nonvaccinated mice during\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Coccidioides<\/jats:named-content>\n                    infection but does not impede the development of a memory response nor exacerbate immunopathology of vaccinated mice over at least a 4-month period after the last immunization.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.01148-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,9]],"date-time":"2013-12-09T21:41:02Z","timestamp":1386625262000},"page":"903-913","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Vaccinated C57BL\/6 Mice Develop Protective and Memory T Cell Responses to Coccidioides posadasii Infection in the Absence of Interleukin-10"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Chiung-Yu","family":"Hung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Castro-Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Garry T.","family":"Cole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/496991"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"217","article-title":"Increase in reported coccidioidomycosis\u2014United States, 1998\u20132011","volume":"62","year":"2013","unstructured":". 2013. 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