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Human infections with\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. pseudomallei<\/jats:named-content>\n            (called melioidosis) present as a range of manifestations, including acute septicemia and pneumonia. Although melioidosis can be fatal, little is known about the molecular basis of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. pseudomallei<\/jats:named-content>\n            pathogenicity, in part because of the lack of simple, genetically tractable eukaryotic models to facilitate\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">en masse<\/jats:named-content>\n            identification of virulence determinants or explore host-pathogen interactions. Two assays, one high-throughput and one quantitative, were developed to monitor levels of resistance of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. pseudomallei<\/jats:named-content>\n            and the closely related nearly avirulent species\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Burkholderia thailandensis<\/jats:named-content>\n            to predation by the phagocytic amoeba\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Dictyostelium discoideum<\/jats:named-content>\n            . The quantitative assay showed that levels of resistance to, and survival within, amoeba by these bacteria and their known virulence mutants correlate well with their published levels of virulence in animals. Using the high-throughput assay, we screened a 1,500-member\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. thailandensis<\/jats:named-content>\n            transposon mutant library and identified 13 genes involved in resistance to predation by\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">D. discoideum<\/jats:named-content>\n            . Orthologs of these genes were disrupted in\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. pseudomallei<\/jats:named-content>\n            , and nearly all mutants had similarly decreased resistance to predation by\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">D. discoideum<\/jats:named-content>\n            . For some mutants, decreased resistance also correlated with reduced survival in and cytotoxicity toward macrophages, as well as attenuated virulence in mice. These observations suggest that some factors required by\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. pseudomallei<\/jats:named-content>\n            for resistance to environmental phagocytes also aid in resistance to phagocytic immune cells and contribute to disease in animals. Thus,\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">D. discoideum<\/jats:named-content>\n            provides a novel, high-throughput model system for facilitating inquiry into\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. pseudomallei<\/jats:named-content>\n            virulence.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.01233-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,15]],"date-time":"2011-03-15T20:28:48Z","timestamp":1300220928000},"page":"2079-2088","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Dictyostelium discoideum as a Model System for Identification of Burkholderia pseudomallei Virulence Factors"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Benjamin M.","family":"Hasselbring","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maharsh K.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Schell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2007.01080.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.3.950-958.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-51-7-539"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.142.5.1325"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2005.00607.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","volume-title":"Methods of enzymatic analysis","author":"Bergmeyer H. 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