{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T04:01:03Z","timestamp":1773288063026,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]],"date-time":"2013-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1359676800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The carbon storage regulator A (CsrA) controls a wide variety of bacterial processes, including metabolism, adherence, stress responses, and virulence.\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Haemophilus ducreyi<\/jats:named-content>\n            , the causative agent of chancroid, harbors a homolog of\n            <jats:italic>csrA<\/jats:italic>\n            . Here, we generated an unmarked, in-frame deletion mutant of\n            <jats:italic>csrA<\/jats:italic>\n            to assess its contribution to\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">H. ducreyi<\/jats:named-content>\n            pathogenesis. In human inoculation experiments, the\n            <jats:italic>csrA<\/jats:italic>\n            mutant was partially attenuated for pustule formation compared to its parent. Deletion of\n            <jats:italic>csrA<\/jats:italic>\n            resulted in decreased adherence of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">H. ducreyi<\/jats:named-content>\n            to human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF); Flp1 and Flp2, the determinants of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">H. ducreyi<\/jats:named-content>\n            adherence to HFF cells, were downregulated in the\n            <jats:italic>csrA<\/jats:italic>\n            mutant. Compared to its parent, the\n            <jats:italic>csrA<\/jats:italic>\n            mutant had a significantly reduced ability to tolerate oxidative stress and heat shock. The enhanced sensitivity of the mutant to oxidative stress was more pronounced in bacteria grown to stationary phase compared to that in bacteria grown to mid-log phase. The\n            <jats:italic>csrA<\/jats:italic>\n            mutant also had a significant survival defect within human macrophages when the bacteria were grown to stationary phase but not to mid-log phase. Complementation in\n            <jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>\n            partially or fully restored the mutant phenotypes. These data suggest that CsrA contributes to virulence by multiple mechanisms and that these contributions may be more profound in bacterial cell populations that are not rapidly dividing in the human host.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.01239-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,11]],"date-time":"2012-12-11T04:43:06Z","timestamp":1355200986000},"page":"608-617","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Carbon Storage Regulator A Contributes to the Virulence of Haemophilus ducreyi in Humans by Multiple Mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Dharanesh","family":"Gangaiah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kate R.","family":"Fortney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diane M.","family":"Janowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheila","family":"Ellinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beth","family":"Zwickl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barry P.","family":"Katz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stanley M.","family":"Spinola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"},{"name":"Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"},{"name":"Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"},{"name":"The Center for Immunobiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"818","article-title":"Eradicating chancroid","volume":"79","author":"Steen R","year":"2001","unstructured":"SteenR. 2001. Eradicating chancroid. Bull. World Health Organ. 79:818\u2013826.","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-7020-4060-3.00008-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"689","volume-title":"Sexually transmitted diseases,","author":"Spinola SM","year":"2008","unstructured":"SpinolaSM. 2008. Chancroid and Haemophilus ducreyi, p 689\u2013699. In HolmesKKSparlingPFStammWEPiotPWasserheitJNCoreyLCohenMSWattsDH (ed), Sexually transmitted diseases, 4th ed. 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Post-transcriptional regulation on a global scale: form and function of Csr\/Rsm systems. Environ. Microbiol. 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Regulation of virulence in the human pathogen Campylobacter jejuni by the RNA binding protein CsrA. PhD Medical College of Georgia Augusta GA."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2003.03706.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01132-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/13500872-145-4-835"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01578-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.5.2248-2254.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2011.07723.x"}],"container-title":["Infection and Immunity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/IAI.01239-12","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/IAI.01239-12","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,4]],"date-time":"2022-03-04T20:13:42Z","timestamp":1646424822000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/IAI.01239-12"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"R. P.","family":"Morrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/IAI.01239-12"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/iai.01239-12","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-9567","1098-5522"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-9567","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5522","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-11-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2012-12-06","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-01-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}