{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T02:15:44Z","timestamp":1791252944980,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]],"date-time":"2014-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396310400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            is the causative agent of the diarrheal disease cholera. The ability of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            to colonize and cause disease requires the intricately regulated expression of a number of virulence factors during infection. One of the signals sensed by\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            is the presence of oxygen-limiting conditions in the gut. It has been shown that the virulence activator AphB plays a key role in sensing low oxygen concentrations and inducing the transcription of another key virulence activator, TcpP. In this study, we used a bacterial two-hybrid system to further examine the effect of oxygen on different virulence regulators. We found that anoxic conditions enhanced the interaction between TcpP and ToxR, identified as the first positive regulator of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            virulence genes. We further demonstrated that the TcpP-ToxR interaction was dependent on the primary periplasmic protein disulfide formation enzyme DsbA and cysteine residues in the periplasmic domains of both ToxR and TcpP. Furthermore, we showed that in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            , an interaction between TcpP and ToxR is important for virulence gene induction. Under anaerobic growth conditions, we detected ToxR-TcpP heterodimers, which were abolished in the presence of the reducing agent dithiothreitol. Our results suggest that\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            may sense intestinal anoxic signals by multiple components to activate virulence.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.01377-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,4]],"date-time":"2014-02-04T03:45:09Z","timestamp":1391485509000},"page":"1676-1682","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Enhanced Interaction of Vibrio cholerae Virulence Regulators TcpP and ToxR under Oxygen-Limiting Conditions"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Fenxia","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nusrat","family":"Jabeen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science &amp; Technology, Karachi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. Dillon","family":"Birdwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biao","family":"Kan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1994.tb19852.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1207"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(87)90430-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.168.4.1487"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01094-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.12.5403"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.2.730"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.181.14.4250-4256.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1999.01215.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-10-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2000.02111.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2011.07681.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(03)00222-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00889-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-5274(03)00032-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2002.03229.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.2015011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.052694299"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0915021107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00409-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1218039110"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511735080"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1014640108"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.74.2.1141-1147.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.10.5752"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01098-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0703860104"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0802241105"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","volume-title":"Experiments in molecular genetics","author":"Miller JH","year":"1972","unstructured":"MillerJH. 1972. 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