{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,3]],"date-time":"2024-08-03T22:43:48Z","timestamp":1722725028951},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,1]],"date-time":"2011-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1312156800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mechanisms underlying susceptibility to anthrax infection are unknown. Using a phylogenetically diverse panel of inbred mice and spores of<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Bacillus anthracis<\/jats:named-content>Ames, we investigated host susceptibility to pulmonary anthrax. Susceptibility profiles for survival time and organ pathogen load differed across strains, indicating distinct genetic controls. Tissue infection kinetics analysis showed greater systemic dissemination in susceptible DBA\/2J (D) mice but a higher terminal bacterial load in resistant BALB\/cJ (C) mice. Interestingly, the most resistant strains, C and C57BL\/6J (B), demonstrated a sex bias for susceptibility. For example, BALB\/cJ females had a significantly higher survival time and required 4-fold more spores for 100% mortality compared to BALB\/cJ males. To identify genetic regions associated with differential susceptibility, survival time and extent of organ infection were assessed using mice derived from two susceptibility models: (i) BXD advanced recombinant inbred strains and (ii) F2 offspring generated from polar responding C and D strains. Genome-wide analysis of BXD strain survival identified linkage on chromosomes 5, 6, 9, 11, and 14. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of the C\u00d7DF2 population revealed a significant QTL (designated<jats:italic>Rpai1<\/jats:italic>for<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>esistance to<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>ulmonary<jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic>nthrax<jats:italic>i<\/jats:italic>nfection, locus<jats:italic>1<\/jats:italic>) for survival time on chromosome 17 and also identified a chromosome 11 locus for lung pathogen burden. The striking difference between genome-wide linkage profiles for these two mouse models of anthrax susceptibility supports our hypothesis that these are multigenic traits. Our data provide the first evidence for a differential sex response to anthrax resistance and further highlight the unlikelihood of a single common genetic contribution for this response across strains.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.01389-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,1]],"date-time":"2011-06-01T03:44:13Z","timestamp":1306899853000},"page":"3204-3215","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Multigenic Control and Sex Bias in Host Susceptibility to Spore-Induced Pulmonary Anthrax in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Jagjit S.","family":"Yadav","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0056"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suman","family":"Pradhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0056"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renuka","family":"Kapoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0056"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hansraj","family":"Bangar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0056"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin B.","family":"Burzynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel R.","family":"Prows","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Levin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0056"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"146","article-title":"The use of inbred mice as models for the indication and differentiation of Bacillus anthracis strains","volume":"55","author":"Abalakin B. 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