{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T16:36:34Z","timestamp":1780331794725,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,1]],"date-time":"2014-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1393632000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Recent microbiome studies have implicated a role for\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Filifactor alocis<\/jats:named-content>\n            in periodontal disease. In this study, we investigated the colonization and survival properties of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">F. alocis<\/jats:named-content>\n            in a mouse subcutaneous chamber model of infection and characterized host innate immune responses. An infection of 10\n            <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">F. alocis<\/jats:named-content>\n            successfully colonized all chambers; however, the infection was cleared after 72 h.\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">F. alocis<\/jats:named-content>\n            elicited a local inflammatory response with neutrophils recruited into the chambers at 2 h postinfection along with an increase in levels of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF).\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">F. alocis<\/jats:named-content>\n            also induced apoptosis in chamber epithelial cells and neutrophils. Consistent with resolution of infection, neutrophil numbers and cytokine levels returned to baseline by 72 h. Fluorescent\n            <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic>\n            hybridization (FISH) and quantitative PCR demonstrated that\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">F. alocis<\/jats:named-content>\n            exited the chambers and spread to the spleen, liver, lung, and kidney. Massive neutrophil infiltration was observed in the spleen and lungs, and the recruited neutrophils were in close proximity to the infecting bacteria. Significant epithelial injury was observed in the kidneys. Infection of all tissues was resolved after 7 days. This first\n            <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            study of the pathogenicity of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">F. alocis<\/jats:named-content>\n            shows that in the chamber model the organism can establish a proinflammatory, proapoptotic local infection which is rapidly resolved by the host concordant with neutrophil influx. Moreover,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">F. alocis<\/jats:named-content>\n            can spread to, and transiently infect, remote tissues where neutrophils can also be recruited.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.01434-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,31]],"date-time":"2013-12-31T03:47:19Z","timestamp":1388461639000},"page":"1205-1212","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Filifactor alocis Infection and Inflammatory Responses in the Mouse Subcutaneous Chamber Model"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Qian","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Oral Health and Systemic Disease, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, 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