{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T22:13:50Z","timestamp":1792707230617,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]],"date-time":"2016-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1459468800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The host-encoded Perforin-2 (encoded by the macrophage-expressed gene 1,\n            <jats:italic>Mpeg1<\/jats:italic>\n            ), which possesses a pore-forming MACPF domain, reduces the viability of bacterial pathogens that reside within membrane-bound compartments. Here, it is shown that Perforin-2 also restricts the proliferation of the intracytosolic pathogen\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n            . Within a few hours of systemic infection, the massive proliferation of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n            in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Perforin<\/jats:named-content>\n            -2\n            <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            mice leads to a rapid appearance of acute disease symptoms. We go on to show in cultured\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Perforin<\/jats:named-content>\n            -2\n            <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            cells that the vacuole-to-cytosol transitioning of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n            is greatly accelerated. Unexpectedly, we found that in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Perforin<\/jats:named-content>\n            -2\n            <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            macrophages,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Listeria<\/jats:named-content>\n            -containing vacuoles quickly (\u226415 min) acidify, and that this was coincident with greater virulence gene expression, likely accounting for the more rapid translocation of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n            to its replicative niche in the cytosol. This hypothesis was supported by our finding that a\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:named-content>\n            strain expressing virulence factors at a constitutively high level replicated equally well in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Perforin<\/jats:named-content>\n            -2\n            <jats:sup>+\/+<\/jats:sup>\n            and\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Perforin<\/jats:named-content>\n            -2\n            <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            macrophages. Our findings suggest that the protective role of Perforin-2 against listeriosis is based on it limiting the intracellular replication of the pathogen. This cellular activity of Perforin-2 may derive from it regulating the acidification of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Listeria<\/jats:named-content>\n            -containing vacuoles, thereby depriving the pathogen of favorable intracellular conditions that promote its virulence gene activity.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.01434-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,2]],"date-time":"2016-02-02T04:18:57Z","timestamp":1454386737000},"page":"1083-1091","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Perforin-2 Protects Host Cells and Mice by Restricting the Vacuole to Cytosol Transitioning of a Bacterial Pathogen"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Ryan","family":"McCormack","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wael","family":"Bahnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niraj","family":"Shrestha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Boucher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcella","family":"Barreto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos M.","family":"Barrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward A.","family":"Dauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy E.","family":"Freitag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wasif N.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eckhard R.","family":"Podack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0515-3850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kurt","family":"Schesser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-013-8469-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.79.2.574"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/298534a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.149.4.870"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Podack ER Dennert G. 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