{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T03:48:22Z","timestamp":1789444102827,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,1]],"date-time":"2014-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1393632000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Infection of C57BL\/6 mice with the moderately virulent\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Cryptococcus neoformans<\/jats:named-content>\n                    strain 52D models the complex adaptive immune response observed in HIV-negative patients with persistent fungal lung infections. In this model, Th1 and Th2 responses evolve over time, yet the contribution of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) to antifungal host defense is unknown. In this study, we show that fungal lung infection promoted an increase in Th17 T cells that persisted to 8 weeks postinfection. Our comparison of fungal lung infection in wild-type mice and IL-17A-deficient mice (IL-17A\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice; C57BL\/6 genetic background) demonstrated that late fungal clearance was impaired in the absence of IL-17A. This finding was associated with reduced intracellular containment of the organism within lung macrophages and deficits in the accumulation of total lung leukocytes, including specific reductions in CD11c\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD11b\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    myeloid cells (dendritic cells and exudate macrophages), B cells, and CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells, and a nonsignificant trend in the reduction of lung neutrophils. Although IL-17A did not alter the total number of CD4 T cells, decreases in the total number of CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells expressing gamma interferon (IFN-\u03b3) were observed in IL-17A\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice. Lastly, expression of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) and the costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 on CD11c\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD11b\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    myeloid cells was diminished in IL-17A\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice. Collectively, these data indicate that IL-17A enhances host defenses against a moderately virulent strain of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. neoformans<\/jats:named-content>\n                    through effects on leukocyte recruitment, IFN-\u03b3 production by CD4 and CD8 T cells, and the activation of lung myeloid cells.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.01477-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,9]],"date-time":"2013-12-09T21:41:02Z","timestamp":1386625262000},"page":"937-948","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":96,"title":["Interleukin-17A Enhances Host Defense against Cryptococcal Lung Infection through Effects Mediated by Leukocyte Recruitment, Activation, and Gamma Interferon Production"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Benjamin J.","family":"Murdock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Section, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Michigan, USA"},{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary B.","family":"Huffnagle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michal A.","family":"Olszewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Section, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Michigan, USA"},{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John J.","family":"Osterholzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Section, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Michigan, USA"},{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a113861"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.35.9.2243-2251.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.5.2218-2224.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e328322ffac"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200907-063AL"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.107.5.e66"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.115.3.734"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1295720"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","first-page":"1517","article-title":"Pulmonary cryptococcosis","volume":"141","author":"Huffnagle GB","year":"1992","unstructured":"HuffnagleGBLipscombMF. 1992. 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