{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T22:34:50Z","timestamp":1791153290952,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,1]],"date-time":"2008-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1209600000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Cervical cancer, the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women, is the consequence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. Toward the development of therapeutic vaccines that can induce both innate and adaptive mucosal immune responses, we analyzed intravaginal (ivag) vaccine delivery of live attenuated\n            <jats:italic>Salmonella enterica<\/jats:italic>\n            serovar Typhimurium expressing HPV16L1 as a model antigen. Innate immune responses were examined in cervicovaginal tissues by determining gene expression patterns by microarray analysis using nylon membranes imprinted with cDNA fragments coding for inflammation-associated genes. At 24 h, a wide range of genes, including those for chemokines and Th1- and Th2-type cytokine and chemokine receptors were up-regulated in mice ivag immunized with\n            <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n            compared to control mice. However, the majority of transcripts returned to their steady-state levels 1 week after immunization, suggesting a transient inflammatory response. Indeed, cervicovaginal histology of immunized mice showed a massive, but transient, infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils, while T cells were still increased after 7 days. Ivag immunization also induced humoral and antitumor immune responses, i.e., serum and vaginal anti-HPV16VLP antibody titers similar to those induced by oral immunization, and significant protection in tumor protection experiments using HPV16-expressing C3 tumor cells. These results show that ivag immunization with live attenuated\n            <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n            expressing HPV16 antigens modulates the local mucosal gene expression pattern into a transient proinflammatory profile, elicits strong systemic and mucosal immunity against HPV16, and confers protection against HPV16 tumor cells subcutaneously implanted in mice. Examination of the efficacy with which ivag HPV16E7E6\n            <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n            induces regression of tumors located in cervicovaginal tissue is warranted.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.01484-07","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,11]],"date-time":"2008-03-11T01:05:47Z","timestamp":1205197547000},"page":"1940-1951","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Intravaginal Immunization of Mice with Recombinant\n            <i>Salmonella enterica<\/i>\n            Serovar Typhimurium Expressing Human Papillomavirus Type 16 Antigens as a Potential Route of Vaccination against Cervical Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Hakim","family":"Echchannaoui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Baud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martine","family":"Bobst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Christophe","family":"Stehle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, CH1011 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Nardelli-Haefliger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.4.2135-2141.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.24.12596-12602.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.23.12901-12909.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.2.844-850.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.7.3674-3679.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2003.108"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01322"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0605.000511"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","first-page":"161","year":"1990","unstructured":"Curtiss, R., III. 1990. 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