{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T01:16:53Z","timestamp":1793755013082,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]],"date-time":"2014-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412121600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The virulence of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Candida albicans<\/jats:named-content>\n            in a mouse model of invasive candidiasis is dependent on the phospholipids phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). Disruption of the PS synthase gene\n            <jats:italic>CHO1<\/jats:italic>\n            (i.e.,\n            <jats:italic>cho1<\/jats:italic>\n            \u0394\/\u0394) eliminates PS and blocks the\n            <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic>\n            pathway for PE biosynthesis. In addition, the\n            <jats:italic>cho1<\/jats:italic>\n            \u0394\/\u0394 mutant's ability to cause invasive disease is severely compromised. The\n            <jats:italic>cho1<\/jats:italic>\n            \u0394\/\u0394 mutant also exhibits cell wall defects, and in this study, it was determined that loss of PS results in decreased masking of cell wall \u03b2(1-3)-glucan from the immune system. In wild-type\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. albicans<\/jats:named-content>\n            , the outer mannan layer of the wall masks the inner layer of \u03b2(1-3)-glucan from exposure and detection by innate immune effector molecules like the C-type signaling lectin Dectin-1, which is found on macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells. The\n            <jats:italic>cho1<\/jats:italic>\n            \u0394\/\u0394 mutant exhibits increases in exposure of \u03b2(1-3)-glucan, which leads to greater binding by Dectin-1 in both yeast and hyphal forms. The unmasking of \u03b2(1-3)-glucan also results in increased elicitation of TNF-\u03b1 from macrophages in a Dectin-1-dependent manner. The role of phospholipids in fungal pathogenesis is an emerging field, and this is the first study showing that loss of PS in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. albicans<\/jats:named-content>\n            results in decreased masking of \u03b2(1-3)-glucan, which may contribute to our understanding of fungus-host interactions.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.01612-14","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,12]],"date-time":"2014-08-12T04:05:46Z","timestamp":1407816346000},"page":"4405-4413","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Masking of \u03b2(1-3)-Glucan in the Cell Wall of Candida albicans from Detection by Innate Immune Cells Depends on Phosphatidylserine"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Sarah E.","family":"Davis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Hopke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Steven C.","family":"Minkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Microscopy and Imaging Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony E.","family":"Montedonico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert T.","family":"Wheeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd B.","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.9.3640-3645.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/317550"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3283536ba8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/319211"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08162-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0213-005X(02)72842-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2009.07018.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.0010001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1290"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/2929"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7012(01)00348-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-03-1140"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20031237"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1096158"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2009.01318.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2711"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1567-1364.2005.00017.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0020035"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.040006-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2003.03495.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.28616-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.15.8093"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.62.7.2761-2772.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(02)50955-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(78)90101-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000227"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0061(199911)15:15<1609::AID-YEA485>3.0.CO;2-Y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2006.05.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.05666-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/745"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.12.3310-3316.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1408"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2011.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-440X(95)80038-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2010.07503.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.05292-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)61084-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00134a019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a002928"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi9716027"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.16.9193"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00300-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00328721"}],"container-title":["Infection and Immunity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/IAI.01612-14","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/IAI.01612-14","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T12:34:04Z","timestamp":1646483644000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/IAI.01612-14"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"G. S.","family":"Deepe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/IAI.01612-14"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/iai.01612-14","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-9567","1098-5522"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-9567","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5522","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-02-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-08-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-09-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}