{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T01:46:53Z","timestamp":1793065613586,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,1]],"date-time":"2006-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1151712000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Orientia tsutsugamushi<\/jats:italic>\n            , a causative agent of scrub typhus, is an obligate intracellular bacterium that requires the exploitation of the endocytic pathway in the host cell. We observed the localization of\n            <jats:italic>O. tsutsugamushi<\/jats:italic>\n            with clathrin or adaptor protein 2 within 30 min after the infection of nonprofessional phagocytes. We have further confirmed that the infectivity of\n            <jats:italic>O. tsutsugamushi<\/jats:italic>\n            is significantly reduced by drugs that block clathrin-mediated endocytosis but not by filipin III, an inhibitor that blocks caveola-mediated endocytosis. In the present study, with a confocal microscope,\n            <jats:italic>O. tsutsugamushi<\/jats:italic>\n            was sequentially colocalized with the early and late endosomal markers EEA1 and LAMP2, respectively, within 1 h after infection. The colocalization of\n            <jats:italic>O. tsutsugamushi<\/jats:italic>\n            organisms with EEA1 and LAMP2 gradually disappeared until 2 h postinfection, and then free\n            <jats:italic>O. tsutsugamushi<\/jats:italic>\n            organisms were found in the cytoplasm. When the acidification of endocytic vesicles was blocked by treating the cells with NH\n            <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n            Cl or bafilomycin A, the escape of\n            <jats:italic>O. tsutsugamushi<\/jats:italic>\n            organisms from the endocytic pathway was severely impaired, and the infectivity of\n            <jats:italic>O. tsutsugamushi<\/jats:italic>\n            was drastically reduced. To our knowledge, this is the first report that the invasion of\n            <jats:italic>O. tsutsugamushi<\/jats:italic>\n            is dependent on the clathrin-dependent endocytic pathway and the acidification process of the endocytic vesicles in nonprofessional phagocytes.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.01620-05","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,21]],"date-time":"2006-06-21T23:10:29Z","timestamp":1150931429000},"page":"4246-4253","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Exploitation of the Endocytic Pathway by\n            <i>Orientia tsutsugamushi<\/i>\n            in Nonprofessional Phagocytes"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Hyuk","family":"Chu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung-Hee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung-Hoon","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Se-Yoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nam-Hyuk","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ik-Sang","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myung-Sik","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.110.6.731"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.7.11.1825"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0962-8924(00)88958-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"781","volume":"71","year":"1974","unstructured":"Caruana, S. 1974. 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