{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T18:13:19Z","timestamp":1791137599273,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,1]],"date-time":"2006-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1151712000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            We monitored 93 subjects cured of amebic liver abscess (ALA) and 963 close associate controls in Durban, South Africa, and determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay that the intestinal immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibody response to the\n            <jats:italic>Entamoeba histolytica<\/jats:italic>\n            galactose-inhibitable adherence lectin is most accurately represented by a complex pattern of transitory peaks. One or more intestinal anti-lectin IgA antibody peaks occurred in 85.9% of ALA subjects over 36 months compared to 41.6% of controls (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt; 0.0001). ALA subjects exhibited a greater number of anti-lectin IgA antibody peaks (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt; 0.0001) than controls. In addition, their peak optical density values were higher (peak numbers 1 to 3,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt; 0.003), peaks were of longer duration (for peaks 1 and 2,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2264 0.0054), and there was a shorter time interval between peaks (between 1 and 2 or 2 and 3,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2264 0.0106) than observed for control subjects. A prior\n            <jats:italic>E. histolytica<\/jats:italic>\n            infection was associated with the occurrence of an anti-lectin IgA antibody peak (79.1%,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt; 0.0001) more so than for\n            <jats:italic>Entamoeba dispar<\/jats:italic>\n            infection (57.2%,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt; 0.001). The annual number of anti-lectin IgA antibody peaks in ALA subjects was 0.71 per year, compared to just 0.22 in controls (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;0.0001), indicating a higher rate of exposure to the parasite than previously appreciated. Anti-lectin IgA antibody peaks were of higher amplitude following a\n            <jats:italic>E. histolytica<\/jats:italic>\n            infection compared to\n            <jats:italic>E. dispar<\/jats:italic>\n            (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.01) and, for either, were of greater height in ALA subjects than controls (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt; 0.01). ALA subjects demonstrated greater clearance of amebic infection after an anti-lectin IgA antibody peak compared to controls, and only 14.3% remained with a positive culture after the peak, compared to 38.9% in controls (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.035). In summary, this prospective controlled longitudinal study elucidated the dynamic nature of the human intestinal IgA antibody response to\n            <jats:italic>E. histolytica<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>E. dispar<\/jats:italic>\n            infection and revealed that ALA subjects exhibit heightened intestinal anti-lectin IgA antibody peaks that are associated with clearance of\n            <jats:italic>E. histolytica<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>E. dispar<\/jats:italic>\n            infection.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.02018-05","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,21]],"date-time":"2006-06-21T23:10:29Z","timestamp":1150931429000},"page":"3897-3903","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Mucosal Immunity to Asymptomatic\n            <i>Entamoeba histolytica<\/i>\n            and\n            <i>Entamoeba dispar<\/i>\n            Infection Is Associated with a Peak Intestinal Anti-Lectin Immunoglobulin A Antibody Response"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Mohamed D.","family":"Abd-Alla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terry F. G. H.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"the South Africa Medical Research Council (NATAL), Durban, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tyson","family":"Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selvan","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"the South Africa Medical Research Council (NATAL), Durban, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan I.","family":"Ravdin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"815","year":"2005","unstructured":"Abd-Alla, M. D., and J. I. Ravdin. 2005. Mucosal immune response to parasitic infections, p. 815-829. In J. 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