{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T12:13:27Z","timestamp":1790252007430,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]],"date-time":"2014-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412121600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Endodontic infections, in which oral bacteria access the tooth pulp chamber, are common and do not resolve once established. To investigate the effects of these infections on the innate immune response, we established a mouse subcutaneous chamber model, where a mixture of four oral pathogens commonly associated with these infections (endodontic pathogens [EP]), i.e.,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Fusobacterium nucleatum<\/jats:named-content>\n            ,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Streptococcus intermedius<\/jats:named-content>\n            ,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Parvimonas micra<\/jats:named-content>\n            , and\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Prevotella intermedia<\/jats:named-content>\n            , was inoculated into subcutaneously implanted titanium chambers. Cells that infiltrated the chamber after these infections were primarily neutrophils; however, these neutrophils were unable to control the infection. Infection with a nonpathogenic oral bacterial species,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Streptococcus mitis<\/jats:named-content>\n            , resulted in well-controlled infection, with bacterial numbers reduced by 4 to 5 log units after 7 days. Propidium iodide (PI) staining of the chamber neutrophils identified three distinct populations: neutrophils from EP-infected chambers were intermediate in PI staining, while cells in chambers from mice infected with\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. mitis<\/jats:named-content>\n            were PI positive (apoptotic) or negative (live). Strikingly, neutrophils from EP-infected chambers were severely impaired in their ability to phagocytose and to generate reactive oxygen species\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            after removal from the chamber compared to cells from\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. mitis<\/jats:named-content>\n            -infected chambers. The mechanism of neutrophil impairment was necrotic cell death as determined by morphological analyses.\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. intermedia<\/jats:named-content>\n            alone could induce a similar neutrophil phenotype. We conclude that the endodontic pathogens, particularly\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. intermedia<\/jats:named-content>\n            , can efficiently disable and kill infiltrating neutrophils, allowing these infections to become established. These results can help explain the persistence of endodontic infections and demonstrate a new virulence mechanism associated with\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. intermedia<\/jats:named-content>\n            .\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.02256-14","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,15]],"date-time":"2014-07-15T05:03:41Z","timestamp":1405400621000},"page":"4068-4079","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Pathogenic Bacterial Species Associated with Endodontic Infection Evade Innate Immune Control by Disabling Neutrophils"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Aritsune","family":"Matsui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun-O","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher D.","family":"Johnston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hajime","family":"Yamazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Center for Biomineralization, Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yael","family":"Houri-Haddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University-Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan R.","family":"Rittling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-302x.2000.150301.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","volume-title":"2005-2006 survey of dental services rendered","author":"American Dental Association","year":"2007","unstructured":"American Dental Association. 2007. 2005-2006 survey of dental services rendered. American Dental Association, Chicago, IL."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2007.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034509346549"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.6.3164-3169.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.8.4681-4687.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.7.3626"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2009.03159.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10454411980090040701"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.11.1.106-110.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.65.9.3781-3787.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.2.744-750.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2011.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-06-221630"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3399"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(94)35136-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9969(02)00042-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2006.050278"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0900378"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.2000.00965.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/50586"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7012(00)00241-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.5.1469-1473.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(03)00174-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-008-8049-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-006-8970-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00082-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.25.2.685-693.1979"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.076182"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200606027"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0209050"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200940160"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2006.00751.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/3099"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2012.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-302X.1998.tb00719.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000316"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0765.2001.360602.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-302X.1997.tb00733.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.57.3.745-753.1989"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2009.01393.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.120528"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/omi.12018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00567-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.10.6102-6109.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00037"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2008.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2010.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01976-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2009.01.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2012.00944.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0084960"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2010.01805.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001556"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0003326"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0060670"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201306-159MG"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0028088"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-302X.1997.tb00371.x"}],"container-title":["Infection and Immunity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/IAI.02256-14","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/IAI.02256-14","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T12:32:52Z","timestamp":1646483572000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/IAI.02256-14"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"S. R.","family":"Blanke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/IAI.02256-14"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/iai.02256-14","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-9567","1098-5522"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-9567","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5522","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-06-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-07-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-09-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}