{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T08:52:00Z","timestamp":1784191920449,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,1]],"date-time":"2015-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422748800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (GlpQ) metabolizes glycerophosphorylcholine from the lung epithelium to produce free choline, which is transformed into phosphorylcholine and presented on the surfaces of many respiratory pathogens. Two orthologs of\n            <jats:italic>glpQ<\/jats:italic>\n            genes are found in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            :\n            <jats:italic>glpQ<\/jats:italic>\n            , with a membrane motif, is widespread in pneumococci, whereas\n            <jats:italic>glpQ2<\/jats:italic>\n            , which shares high similarity with\n            <jats:italic>glpQ<\/jats:italic>\n            in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Haemophilus influenzae<\/jats:named-content>\n            and\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            , is present only in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            serotype 3, 6B, 19A, and 19F strains. Recently, serotype 19A has emerged as an epidemiological etiology associated with invasive pneumococcal diseases. Thus, we investigated the pathophysiological role of\n            <jats:italic>glpQ2<\/jats:italic>\n            in a serotype 19A sequence type 320 (19AST320) strain, which was the prevalent sequence type in 19A associated with severe pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease in pediatric patients. Mutations in\n            <jats:italic>glpQ2<\/jats:italic>\n            reduced phosphorylcholine expression and the anchorage of choline-binding proteins to the pneumococcal surface during the exponential phase, where the mutants exhibited reduced autolysis and lower natural transformation abilities than the parent strain. The deletion of\n            <jats:italic>glpQ2<\/jats:italic>\n            also decreased the adherence and cytotoxicity to human lung epithelial cell lines, whereas these functions were indistinguishable from those of the wild type in complementation strains. In a murine respiratory tract infection model,\n            <jats:italic>glpQ2<\/jats:italic>\n            was important for nasopharynx and lung colonization. Furthermore, infection with a\n            <jats:italic>glpQ2<\/jats:italic>\n            mutant decreased the severity of pneumonia compared with the parent strain, and\n            <jats:italic>glpQ2<\/jats:italic>\n            gene complementation restored the inflammation level. Therefore,\n            <jats:italic>glpQ2<\/jats:italic>\n            enhances surface phosphorylcholine expression in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            19AST320 during the exponential phase, which contributes to the severity of pneumonia by promoting adherence and host cell cytotoxicity.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.02357-14","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,25]],"date-time":"2014-11-25T04:04:41Z","timestamp":1416888281000},"page":"682-692","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Impact of the\n            <i>glpQ2<\/i>\n            Gene on Virulence in a Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype 19A Sequence Type 320 Strain"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Yi-Ping","family":"Chuang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zih-Rong","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shun-Fu","family":"Tseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Chun","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huey-Kang","family":"Sytwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Chia","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0923-2508(00)00174-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.28610-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2000.01897.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)00071-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M004572200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.5.3111"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/377435a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.12.7827-7835.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/381392"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-100-1-23"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-109-2-313"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-7827(02)00050-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.8.12.8088461"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","first-page":"L367","article-title":"Surfactant phospholipids: synthesis and storage","volume":"262","author":"Batenburg JJ","year":"1992","unstructured":"Batenburg JJ. 1992. 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