{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T10:31:18Z","timestamp":1790418678948,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,1]],"date-time":"2011-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1312156800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            HD-GYP domain cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP) phosphodiesterases are implicated in motility and virulence in bacteria.\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n            possesses a single set of c-di-GMP-metabolizing enzymes, including a putative HD-GYP domain protein, BB0374. Recently, we characterized the EAL domain phosphodiesterase PdeA. A mutation in\n            <jats:italic>pdeA<\/jats:italic>\n            resulted in cells that were defective in motility and virulence. Here we demonstrate that BB0374\/PdeB specifically hydrolyzed c-di-GMP with a\n            <jats:italic>\n              K\n              <jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\n            <\/jats:italic>\n            of 2.9 nM, confirming that it is a functional phosphodiesterase. Furthermore, by measuring phosphodiesterase enzyme activity in extracts from cells containing the\n            <jats:italic>pdeA pdeB<\/jats:italic>\n            double mutant, we demonstrate that no additional phosphodiesterases are present in\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n            .\n            <jats:italic>pdeB<\/jats:italic>\n            single mutant cells exhibit significantly increased flexing, indicating a role for c-di-GMP in motility. Constructing and analyzing a\n            <jats:italic>pilZ<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:italic>pdeB<\/jats:italic>\n            double mutant suggests that PilZ likely interacts with chemotaxis signaling. While virulence in needle-inoculated C3H\/HeN mice did not appear to be altered significantly in\n            <jats:italic>pdeB<\/jats:italic>\n            mutant cells, these cells exhibited a reduced ability to survive in\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Ixodes scapularis<\/jats:named-content>\n            ticks. Consequently, those ticks were unable to transmit the infection to na\u00efve mice. All of these phenotypes were restored when the mutant was complemented. Identification of this role of\n            <jats:italic>pdeB<\/jats:italic>\n            increases our understanding of the c-di-GMP signaling network in motility regulation and the life cycle of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n            .\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.05153-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,14]],"date-time":"2011-06-14T03:15:54Z","timestamp":1308021354000},"page":"3273-3283","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Analysis of the HD-GYP Domain Cyclic Dimeric GMP Phosphodiesterase Reveals a Role in Motility and the Enzootic Life Cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Syed Z.","family":"Sultan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27834"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua E.","family":"Pitzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27834"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tristan","family":"Boquoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27834"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerry","family":"Hobbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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