{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T01:28:47Z","timestamp":1773192527314,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,1]],"date-time":"2012-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1335830400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The causative agent of Lyme disease,\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n            , possesses a segmented genome comprised of a single linear chromosome and upwards of 23 linear and circular plasmids. Much of what is known about plasmid-borne genes comes from studying laboratory clones that have spontaneously lost one or more plasmids during\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            passage. Some plasmids, including the linear plasmid lp17, are never or rarely reported to be lost during routine culture; therefore, little is known about the requirement of these conserved plasmids for infectivity. In this study, the effects of deleting regions of lp17 were examined both\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            . A mutant strain lacking the genes\n            <jats:italic>bbd16<\/jats:italic>\n            to\n            <jats:italic>bbd25<\/jats:italic>\n            showed no deficiency in the ability to establish infection or disseminate to the bloodstream of mice; however, colonization of peripheral tissues was delayed. Despite the ability to colonize ear, heart, and joint tissues, this mutant exhibited a defect in bladder tissue colonization for up to 56 days postinfection. This phenotype was not observed in immunodeficient mice, suggesting that bladder colonization by the mutant strain was inhibited by an adaptive immune-based mechanism. Moreover, the mutant displayed increased expression of outer surface protein C\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            , which was correlated with the absence of the gene\n            <jats:italic>bbd18<\/jats:italic>\n            . To our knowledge, this is the first report involving genetic manipulation of lp17 in an infectious clone of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n            and reveals for the first time the effects of lp17 gene deletion during murine infection by the Lyme disease spirochete.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.05984-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,22]],"date-time":"2012-02-22T02:35:46Z","timestamp":1329878146000},"page":"1773-1782","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Altered Murine Tissue Colonization by Borrelia burgdorferi following Targeted Deletion of Linear Plasmid 17-Carried Genes"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Timothy","family":"Casselli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yvonne","family":"Tourand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Troy","family":"Bankhead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA"},{"name":"Paul G. 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