{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T16:42:12Z","timestamp":1770223332889,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1995,2,1]],"date-time":"1995-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":791596800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Bovine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) cDNAs were generated by reverse transcription and then by PCR amplification from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated alveolar macrophage RNA. The amplified cDNAs were cloned into pPow and expressed in Escherichia coli DH5 alpha. The expressed proteins were confirmed as TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta by Western blot (immunoblot) analysis and bioassays. We then used the cloned genes as probes in Northern (RNA) blots and investigated the kinetics of TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta mRNA expression in bovine alveolar macrophages stimulated with purified LPS from Pasteurella haemolytica 12296. The effect of LPS on TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta gene expression was dose dependent, and induction was observed at a concentration of 0.01 microgram\/ml. Both TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta mRNA expression were detectable within 0.5 h after stimulation with 1 microgram of LPS per ml, peaked at 1 to 2 h, steadily declined up to 16 h, and were undetectable by 24 h. Secreted TNF-alpha measured by bioassay peaked at 4 h and accumulated at a lesser concentration in conditioned medium throughout the 24 h. By contrast, secreted IL-1 beta was induced at 8 h and reached a maximal concentration at 24 h after stimulation. The ability of LPS to induce TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta gene expression and secretion of bioactive proteins were suppressed by polymyxin B. Our findings support a role for LPS from P. haemolytica in the induction of inflammatory cytokines in bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.63.2.381-388.1995","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,6]],"date-time":"2020-01-06T18:44:56Z","timestamp":1578336296000},"page":"381-388","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Induction of inflammatory cytokines in bovine alveolar macrophages following stimulation with Pasteurella haemolytica lipopolysaccharide"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"H S","family":"Yoo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary PathoBiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S K","family":"Maheswaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary PathoBiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary PathoBiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E L","family":"Townsend","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary PathoBiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T R","family":"Ames","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary PathoBiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","container-title":["Infection and Immunity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/iai.63.2.381-388.1995","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/iai.63.2.381-388.1995","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T08:16:27Z","timestamp":1646468187000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/iai.63.2.381-388.1995"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,2]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/iai.63.2.381-388.1995"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/iai.63.2.381-388.1995","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-9567","1098-5522"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-9567","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5522","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1995-02-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}