{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:05:05Z","timestamp":1791266705202,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]],"date-time":"2000-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":946684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Endocarditis is the most frequent form of chronic Q fever, an infectious disease caused by<jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii<\/jats:italic>. As this obligate intracellular bacterium inhabits monocytes and macrophages, we wondered if pathogenesis of Q fever endocarditis is related to defective intracellular killing of<jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>by monocytes. Monocytes from healthy controls eliminated virulent<jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>within 3 days. In contrast, monocytes from patients with ongoing Q fever endocarditis were unable to eliminate bacteria even after 6 days. In patients who were cured of endocarditis, the monocyte infection was close to that of control monocytes. This killing deficiency was not the consequence of generalized functional impairment, since patient monocytes eliminated avirulent<jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>as did control cells. The addition of supernatants of<jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>-stimulated monocytes from patients with ongoing endocarditis to control monocytes enabled them to support<jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>survival, suggesting that some soluble factor is responsible for bacterial survival. This factor was related to tumor necrosis factor (TNF): expression of TNF mRNA and TNF release were increased in response to<jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>in patients with ongoing endocarditis compared to cured patients and healthy controls. In addition, neutralizing anti-TNF antibodies decreased<jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>internalization, an early step of bacterial killing, in monocytes from patients with ongoing endocarditis but did not affect delayed steps of intracellular killing. We suggest that Q fever-associated activation of monocytes allows the survival of<jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>by modulating early phases of microbial killing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.68.1.160-164.2000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,1]],"date-time":"2009-05-01T17:57:25Z","timestamp":1241200645000},"page":"160-164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["<i>Coxiella burnetii<\/i>Survives in Monocytes from Patients with Q Fever Endocarditis: Involvement of Tumor Necrosis Factor"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Je\u0301ro\u0302me","family":"Dellacasagrande","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Unite\u0301 des Rickettsies, Universite\u0301de la Me\u0301diterrane\u0301e, CNRS UPRESA 6020, Faculte\u0301 de Me\u0301decine, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Ghigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Unite\u0301 des Rickettsies, Universite\u0301de la Me\u0301diterrane\u0301e, CNRS UPRESA 6020, Faculte\u0301 de Me\u0301decine, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Capo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Unite\u0301 des Rickettsies, Universite\u0301de la Me\u0301diterrane\u0301e, CNRS UPRESA 6020, Faculte\u0301 de Me\u0301decine, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Didier","family":"Raoult","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Unite\u0301 des Rickettsies, Universite\u0301de la Me\u0301diterrane\u0301e, CNRS UPRESA 6020, Faculte\u0301 de Me\u0301decine, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Louis","family":"Mege","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Unite\u0301 des Rickettsies, Universite\u0301de la Me\u0301diterrane\u0301e, CNRS UPRESA 6020, Faculte\u0301 de Me\u0301decine, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.47.2.127-149.1983"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.15.1.563"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jir.1995.15.105"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/13.7.1745"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.5.1638-1642.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.10.4143-4147.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1999.00786.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","unstructured":"Capo C. F. P. Lindberg S. Meconi Y. Zaffran G. Tardei E. J. Brown D. Raoult and J. L. Mege. Subversion of monocyte functions by Coxiella burnetii : impairment of the cross-talk between \u03b1v\u03b23 integrin and CR3. J. Immunol. in press."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119667"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2259","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.4.2259","article-title":"IFN-\u03b3-mediated control of Coxiella burnetii survival in monocytes. The role of cell apoptosis and TNF","volume":"162","author":"Dellacasagrande J.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Dellacasagrande J. Capo C. Raoult D. Mege J. L. IFN-\u03b3-mediated control of Coxiella burnetii survival in monocytes. The role of cell apoptosis and TNF.J. Immunol.162199922592265","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(96)00040-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.3.796-809.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.152.2.743","article-title":"Complement receptor-mediated uptake and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1-mediated growth inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by human alveolar macrophages","volume":"152","author":"Hirsch C. S.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hirsch C. S. Ellner J. J. Russel D. G. Rich E. A. Complement receptor-mediated uptake and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1-mediated growth inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by human alveolar macrophages.J. Immunol.1521992743753","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1993.tb08226.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","unstructured":"Kaplan G. Hancock G. E. Macrophages in leprosy Human monocytes. Zembala M. Asherson G. L. 1989 459 468 Academic Press London United Kingdom"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.11.040193.001021"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/152.6.1283"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.135.2.1067","article-title":"Cellular immunity in Q fever: modulation of responsiveness by a suppressor T cell-monocyte circuit","volume":"135","author":"Koster F. T.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Koster F. T. Williams J. C. Goodwin J. S. Cellular immunity in Q fever: modulation of responsiveness by a suppressor T cell-monocyte circuit.J. Immunol.135198510671072","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6740","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.11.6740","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis CDC 1551 induces a more vigorous response in vivo and in vitro, but is not more virulent than other clinical isolates","volume":"162","author":"Manca C.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Manca C. Tsenova L. Barry C. E. Bergtold A. Freeman S. Haslett P. A. J. Musser J. M. Freedman V. H. Kaplan G. Mycobacterium tuberculosis CDC 1551 induces a more vigorous response in vivo and in vitro, but is not more virulent than other clinical isolates.J. Immunol.162199967406746","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.11.5527-5533.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1990.tb42204.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.37.9.1733"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/20.3.489"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.159.2.167"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_26_2","unstructured":"Rook G. A. W. Intracellular killing of microorganisms Human monocytes. Zembala M. Asherson G. L. 1989 291 302 Academic Press London United Kingdom"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rook G. A. W. Bloom B. R. Mechanisms of pathogenesis in tuberculosis Tuberculosis. Bloom B. R. 1994 485 501 ASM Press Washington D.C.","DOI":"10.1128\/9781555818357.ch28"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.3.1190-1199.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.2.794-799.1998"}],"container-title":["Infection and Immunity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/IAI.68.1.160-164.2000","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/IAI.68.1.160-164.2000","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]],"date-time":"2023-05-25T00:15:36Z","timestamp":1684973736000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/IAI.68.1.160-164.2000"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"E. I.","family":"Tuomanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/IAI.68.1.160-164.2000"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/iai.68.1.160-164.2000","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-9567","1098-5522"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-9567","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5522","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1999-07-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1999-10-05","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2000-01-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}