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The objective of this study was to determine if<jats:italic>H. felis<\/jats:italic>infection alters gastric histopathology, proinflammatory cytokine expression, and secretory function and evokes a humoral immune response in cats. Five specific-pathogen-free (SPF)<jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>-free cats were studied before and for 1 year after oral inoculation with<jats:italic>H. felis<\/jats:italic>(ATCC 49179). Four SPF<jats:italic>H. felis<\/jats:italic>-uninfected cats served as controls. The stomachs of all five<jats:italic>H. felis<\/jats:italic>-inoculated cats became colonized, as determined by urease activity, histopathology, PCR, culture, and transmission electron microscopy of serial gastric biopsies at 0, 3, 5, 8, and 12 months. Uninoculated cats remained<jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>free. Lymphoid follicular hyperplasia, atrophy, and fibrosis were observed primarily in the pylorus of infected cats. Mild mononuclear inflammation was detected in both infected and uninfected cats, but was more extensive in infected cats, with pangastric inflammation, eosinophilic infiltrates, and cardia gastritis observed only in infected cats. No upregulation of antral mucosal interleukin 1\u03b1 (IL-1\u03b1), IL-1\u03b2, or tumor necrosis factor alpha was detected by reverse transcription-PCR in any cat. The gastric secretory axes, assessed by fasting plasma gastrin, antral mucosal gastrin and somatostatin immunoreactivity, and pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion, were similar in both infected and uninfected cats. Gradual seroconversion (immunoglobulin G) was observed in four of five infected cats, with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay values reaching 4\u00d7 to 12\u00d7 baseline 12 months postinfection. These findings indicate that<jats:italic>H. felis<\/jats:italic>infection in cats induces lymphoid follicular hyperplasia, mild gastritis, and seroconversion, but is associated with normal gastric secretory function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.68.2.779-790.2000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T10:01:19Z","timestamp":1027764079000},"page":"779-790","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["<i>Helicobacter felis<\/i>Infection Is Associated with Lymphoid Follicular Hyperplasia and Mild Gastritis but Normal Gastric Secretory Function in Cats"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Kenneth W.","family":"Simpson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 148531;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalit","family":"Strauss-Ayali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 148531;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugenio","family":"Scanziani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Italy2; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reinhard K.","family":"Straubinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 148531;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick L.","family":"McDonough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 148531;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alix F.","family":"Straubinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 148531;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yung-Fu","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 148531;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynzia","family":"Domeneghini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Italy2; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naila","family":"Arebi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Division of Medicine, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, England3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Calam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Division of Medicine, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, England3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1997.v113.pm9247465"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2362.1996.2040517.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.43.2.176"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.42.2.227"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0296-104"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","unstructured":"Bryant M. 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