{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T13:14:03Z","timestamp":1775999643529,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,8,1]],"date-time":"2000-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":965088000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>One of the most characteristic clinical features in cutaneous leishmaniasis is the development of nodules followed by ulcerations at the site of infection.<jats:italic>Leishmania amazonensis<\/jats:italic>-infected mice show similar ulcerative lesions.<jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>-infected severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice, however, have been shown to develop nonulcerative nodules. In the present study, the roles of T cells in ulceration were examined using SCID mice in cell reconstitution experiments. After development of nonulcerative nodules, SCID mice were inoculated with splenocytes from either<jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>-infected or naive immunocompetent mice, resulting in ulceration in all mice. When naive splenocytes were depleted of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, or B220<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>cell populations and the remaining cells were injected into<jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>-infected SCID mice after the development of nodules, only SCID mice inoculated with splenocytes depleted of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>cells did not show ulceration. The evidence obtained in this study clearly shows that the CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>cell population is indispensable for ulceration in leishmaniasis lesions of SCID mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.68.8.4574-4577.2000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T10:03:59Z","timestamp":1027764239000},"page":"4574-4577","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["CD4<sup>+<\/sup>Cells Are Indispensable for Ulcer Development in Murine Cutaneous Leishmaniasis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Masaki","family":"Terabe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Molecular Immunology, School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113,1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Kuramochi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Laboratory of Immunology, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 216,2 and"},{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3--> 8th Laboratory, Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213,3 Japan, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mamoru","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Laboratory of Immunology, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 216,2 and"},{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3--> 8th Laboratory, Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213,3 Japan, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshimitsu","family":"Hatabu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Molecular Immunology, School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113,1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chizu","family":"Sanjoba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Molecular Immunology, School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113,1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kwang-Poo","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 4-->Department of Microbiology\/Immunology, University of Health Science, Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, Illinois 600644"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Onodera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Molecular Immunology, School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113,1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshitsugu","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Molecular Immunology, School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113,1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/356604a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.26.6.1207-1213.1988"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199404000-00025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(72)90306-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.60.10.4422-4426.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(92)90089-U"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1995.tb03719.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/8.8.1299"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.147.5.1653","article-title":"Reconstitution of Leishmania immunity in severe combined immunodeficient mice using Th1- and Th2-like cell lines","volume":"147","author":"Holaday B. 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