{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T22:49:48Z","timestamp":1791067788305,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,8,1]],"date-time":"2000-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":965088000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Alveolar macrophages (AM) provide one of the first lines of defense against microbial invasion in the lower airways. The role of AM in the clearance of<jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>in mice after intrapulmonary challenge was evaluated. AM were depleted by intranasal administration of liposome-encapsulated dichloromethylene diphosphonate. At 24 h following the instillation of liposomes, a sublethal dose of<jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>was inoculated intranasally. Spleen, liver, and lung tissue was then evaluated for viable bacteria and for histopathology. AM depletion of 78 to 88% did not affect the survival rate of infected mice or clearance of<jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>from the spleen, liver, or lung, compared to the control group, but the mice's susceptibility to<jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>was greatly enhanced. The recruitment of neutrophils to the lung was also not affected. Freshly explanted AM were not competent to phagocytose unopsonized<jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>but were able to phagocytose zymosan particles. Further studies were conducted to assess the in situ phagocytic activities of AM. Three hours after the intranasal instillation of<jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>or other particles, bronchoalveolar lavage was performed. AM phagocytosis of zymosan particles and latex beads exceeded that of<jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>. Neutrophils were recruited to the lung in response to a high-dose bacterial challenge. These results suggest that AM do not play an important role in defense of the lung against<jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.68.8.4585-4592.2000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T10:01:19Z","timestamp":1027764079000},"page":"4585-4592","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Role of Pulmonary Alveolar Macrophages in Defense of the Lung against<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Dorothy O. Y.","family":"Cheung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith","family":"Halsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Division of Infectious and Immunological Diseases, Department of Pediatrics,2 University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David P.","family":"Speert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine1 and"},{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Division of Infectious and Immunological Diseases, Department of Pediatrics,2 University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3420","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.154.7.3420","article-title":"Nonopsonic phagocytosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa requires facilitated transport of d-glucose by macrophages","volume":"154","author":"Barghouthi S.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Barghouthi S. Everett K. D. E. Speert D. P. Nonopsonic phagocytosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa requires facilitated transport of d-glucose by macrophages.J. Immunol.154199534203428","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1993.74.6.2812"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199401000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.65.4.1139-1146.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.62.12.5335-5343.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1981.tb02749.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Campa M. Bendinelli M. Friedman H. Pseudomonas aeruginosa as an opportunistic pathogen. 1993 Plenum Press New York N.Y","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-3036-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.59.4.539"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5173(98)00055-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08977199309046929"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0962-8924(00)88957-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","first-page":"245","article-title":"Antibiotics for Pseudomonas and related infections","volume":"3","author":"Hancock R. E. W.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hancock R. E. W. Speert D. P. Antibiotics for Pseudomonas and related infections Cystic fibrosis\u2014current topics Dodge J. A. Brock D. J. H. Widdicombe J. H. 3 1996 245 266 John Wiley and Sons Toronto, Canada","journal-title":"Cystic fibrosis\u2014current topics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","first-page":"L819","article-title":"Depletion of alveolar macrophages decreases neutrophil chemotaxis to Pseudomonas airspace infections","volume":"270","author":"Hashimoto S.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hashimoto S. Pittet J. F. Hong K. Folkesson H. Bagby G. Kobzik L. Frevert C. Watanabe K. Tsurufujia S. Wiener-Kronish J. Depletion of alveolar macrophages decreases neutrophil chemotaxis to Pseudomonas airspace infections.Am. J. Physiol.2701996L819L824","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7696(08)62499-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.65.6.2278-2282.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.7.3164-3169.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119384"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.60.3.337"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/140.6.1595"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(95)00011-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","unstructured":"Speert D. P. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in patients with cystic fibrosis Pseudomonas aeruginosa: infections and treatment. Baltch A. L. Smith R. P. 1994 183 236 Marcel Dekker Inc. New York N.Y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115924"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.59.6.1893-1898.1991"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5514","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.11.5514","article-title":"Nonopsonic and opsonic association of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with resident alveolar macrophages is inefficient","volume":"160","author":"Stokes R. W.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Stokes R. W. Thorson L. M. Speert D. P. Nonopsonic and opsonic association of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with resident alveolar macrophages is inefficient.J. Immunol.160199855145521","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.63.4.1278-1285.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00007587"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.62.6.702"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(94)90012-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.1.16-21.1999"}],"container-title":["Infection and Immunity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/IAI.68.8.4585-4592.2000","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/IAI.68.8.4585-4592.2000","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,23]],"date-time":"2023-04-23T15:22:28Z","timestamp":1682263348000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/IAI.68.8.4585-4592.2000"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"E. I.","family":"Tuomanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,8]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/IAI.68.8.4585-4592.2000"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/iai.68.8.4585-4592.2000","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-9567","1098-5522"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-9567","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5522","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2000-03-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2000-05-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2000-08-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}