{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T13:28:55Z","timestamp":1791206935851,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,1]],"date-time":"2001-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":978307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Yersinia pestis<\/jats:italic>\n            , the plague agent, is a naturally nonureolytic microorganism, while all other\n            <jats:italic>Yersinia<\/jats:italic>\n            species display a potent urease activity. In this report we demonstrate that\n            <jats:italic>Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>\n            harbors a complete urease locus composed of three structural (\n            <jats:italic>ureABC<\/jats:italic>\n            ) and four accessory (\n            <jats:italic>ureEFGD<\/jats:italic>\n            ) genes. Absence of ureolytic activity is due to the presence of one additional G residue in a poly(G) stretch, which introduces a premature stop codon in\n            <jats:italic>ureD<\/jats:italic>\n            . The presence of the same additional G in eight other\n            <jats:italic>Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates indicates that this mutation is species specific. Spontaneous excision of the extra G occurs at a frequency of 10\n            <jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>\n            to 10\n            <jats:sup>\u22125<\/jats:sup>\n            and restores a ureolytic phenotype to\n            <jats:italic>Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>\n            . The virulence of two independent ureolytic clones of\n            <jats:italic>Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>\n            injected either intravenously, subcutaneously, or intragastrically did not differ from that of the parental strain in the mouse infection model. Coinfection experiments with an equal number of ureolytic and nonureolytic bacteria did not evidence any difference in the ability of the two variants to multiply in vivo and to cause a lethal infection. Altogether our results demonstrate that variation of one extra G residue in\n            <jats:italic>ureD<\/jats:italic>\n            determines the ureolytic activity of\n            <jats:italic>Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>\n            but does not affect its virulence for mice or its ability to multiply and disseminate.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.69.1.170-176.2001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T09:58:35Z","timestamp":1027763915000},"page":"170-176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Silencing and Reactivation of Urease in\n            <i>Yersinia pestis<\/i>\n            Is Determined by One G Residue at a Specific Position in the\n            <i>ureD<\/i>\n            Gene"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Florent","family":"Sebbane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Equipe Inserm E9919-Universite\u0301 JE2225, De\u0301partement de Pathogene\u0300se des Maladies Infectieuses et Parasitaires, Institut de Biologie de Lille, 59021 Lille,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annie","family":"Devalckenaere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Equipe Inserm E9919-Universite\u0301 JE2225, De\u0301partement de Pathogene\u0300se des Maladies Infectieuses et Parasitaires, Institut de Biologie de Lille, 59021 Lille,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeannine","family":"Foulon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Unite\u0301 de Bacte\u0301riologie Mole\u0301culaire et Me\u0301dicale, Laboratoire des Yersinia, Institut Pasteur, 75724, Paris,2 France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Carniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Unite\u0301 de Bacte\u0301riologie Mole\u0301culaire et Me\u0301dicale, Laboratoire des Yersinia, Institut Pasteur, 75724, Paris,2 France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Simonet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Equipe Inserm E9919-Universite\u0301 JE2225, De\u0301partement de Pathogene\u0300se des Maladies Infectieuses et Parasitaires, Institut de Biologie de Lille, 59021 Lille,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.24.14043"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.10.5361-5366.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0399-077X(79)80092-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02605861"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/7.6.1513"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.4.3.309"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.3.4.580-588.1971"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.60.12.4371-4379.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1998.01124.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Butler\nT.\nPlague and other Yersinia infections.\n1983\nPlenum Press\nNew York N.Y","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-8422-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.36.3.1160-1167.1982"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(90)90505-L"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mpat.1993.1002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.63.10.3790-3795.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(96)00556-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","unstructured":"Ellington\nA.\nPreparation of genomic DNA from bacteria\nCurrent protocols in molecular biology.\nAusubel\nF. 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