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In this work, we identified in silico from the sequence of the genome of<jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>a previously unknown gene designated<jats:italic>lpeA<\/jats:italic>(for lipoprotein promoting entry) encoding a 35-kDa protein homologous to PsaA, a lipoprotein belonging to the LraI family and implicated in the cell adherence of<jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>and related species. By constructing a mutant of<jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>in which<jats:italic>lpeA<\/jats:italic>is deleted (<jats:italic>lpeA<\/jats:italic>mutant), we show that the PsaA-like protein LpeA is not involved in bacterial adherence but is required for entry of<jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>in eukaryotic cells. In contrast to wild-type bacteria, mutant bacteria failed to invade the epithelial Caco-2 and hepatocyte TIB73 cell lines, as confirmed by confocal microscopy. The mutant bacteria rapidly penetrated in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages. Surprisingly,<jats:italic>lpeA<\/jats:italic>mutant bacteria survive better in macrophages than do wild-type bacteria. This was correlated with a weak exacerbation of virulence of the<jats:italic>lpeA<\/jats:italic>mutant in the mouse. LpeA is therefore a novel invasin favoring the entry of<jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>into nonprofessional phagocytes but not its invasion of macrophages. This is the first report of a lipoprotein promoting cell invasion of an intracellular pathogen.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.71.1.474-482.2003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,20]],"date-time":"2002-12-20T23:07:23Z","timestamp":1040425643000},"page":"474-482","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Identification of LpeA, a PsaA-Like Membrane Protein That Promotes Cell Entry by<i>Listeria monocytogenes<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"He\u0301le\u0300ne","family":"Re\u0301glier-Poupet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U570, Faculte\u0301 de Me\u0301decine Necker-Enfants Malades, 75730 Paris cedex 15, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Pellegrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U570, Faculte\u0301 de Me\u0301decine Necker-Enfants Malades, 75730 Paris cedex 15, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alain","family":"Charbit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U570, Faculte\u0301 de Me\u0301decine Necker-Enfants Malades, 75730 Paris cedex 15, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Berche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U570, Faculte\u0301 de Me\u0301decine Necker-Enfants Malades, 75730 Paris cedex 15, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.61.9.3664-3672.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.65.1.78-88.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.12.5255-5262.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.59.12.4614-4620.1991"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.182.20.5931-5934.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.12.7069-7077.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/19.7.1458"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1998.00750.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.63.12.4669-4674.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0923-2508(01)01195-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1999.01369.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.61.12.5134-5139.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1997.5111879.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05252.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02297.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5431","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.151.10.5431","volume":"151","year":"1993","unstructured":"Drevets, D. 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