{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T07:39:24Z","timestamp":1767166764846,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]],"date-time":"2004-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1078099200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Genomic O island 122 (OI-122) of the verocytotoxin-producing\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    (VTEC) strain EDL933 contains four putative virulence genes, Z4321, Z4326, Z4332, and Z4333. However, strain CL3 (serotype O113:H21) contains only Z4321, not the other three genes. To determine whether Z4321 is part of a different genomic island in CL3, a region of 27,293 bp up- and downstream of Z4321 was sequenced and found to contain elements of two different EDL933 genomic islands (OI-48 and OI-122) and a\n                    <jats:italic>Yersinia pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    -like hemolysin\/adhesin gene cluster. The region contained OI-48 genes Z1635, Z1636, and Z1637 at the left terminus and Z1641, Z1642, Z1643, and Z1644 at the right. The middle portion consisted of OI-48 gene Z1640, which was separated into three fragments by genomic segments including the\n                    <jats:italic>Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    cluster and EDL933 OI-122 genes Z4322, Z4321, and Z4318. In a PCR investigation of 36 VTEC strains of different serotypes, intact Z1640 was present in strains of serotypes O157:H7, O26:H11, O103:H2, O111:NM, and O145:NM, which are associated with hemolytic uremic syndrome and outbreaks. In contrast, fragmented Z1640 was seen in strains of nonepidemic serotypes, such as O91:H21 and O113:H21, and in animal serotypes that have not been associated with human disease, indicating that Z1640 might be a virulence gene.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.72.3.1496-1503.2004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,20]],"date-time":"2004-02-20T23:42:58Z","timestamp":1077320578000},"page":"1496-1503","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Evidence for a Hybrid Genomic Island in Verocytotoxin-Producing\n                    <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n                    CL3 (Serotype O113:H21) Containing Segments of EDL933 (Serotype O157:H7) O Islands 122 and 48"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Songhai","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Foodborne Zoonoses, Population and Public Health Branch, Health Canada, Guelph, Ontario N1G 3W4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariola","family":"Mascarenhas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Foodborne Zoonoses, Population and Public Health Branch, Health Canada, Guelph, Ontario N1G 3W4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kris","family":"Rahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Foodborne Zoonoses, Population and Public Health Branch, Health Canada, Guelph, Ontario N1G 3W4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James B.","family":"Kaper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed A.","family":"Karmal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Foodborne Zoonoses, Population and Public Health Branch, Health Canada, Guelph, Ontario N1G 3W4, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(05)80360-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","unstructured":"Ausubel F. 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