{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T14:20:45Z","timestamp":1780496445374,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>The pathogenic fungus<jats:italic>Paracoccidioides brasiliensis<\/jats:italic>causes paracoccidioidomycosis, a pulmonary mycosis acquired by inhalation of fungal airborne propagules, which may disseminate to several organs and tissues, leading to a severe form of the disease. Adhesion to and invasion of host cells are essential steps involved in the infection and dissemination of pathogens. Furthermore, pathogens use their surface molecules to bind to host extracellular matrix components to establish infection. Here, we report the characterization of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) of<jats:italic>P. brasiliensis<\/jats:italic>as an adhesin, which can be related to fungus adhesion and invasion. The<jats:italic>P. brasiliensis<\/jats:italic>GAPDH was overexpressed in<jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>, and polyclonal antibody against this protein was obtained. By immunoelectron microscopy and Western blot analysis, GAPDH was detected in the cytoplasm and the cell wall of the yeast phase of<jats:italic>P. brasiliensis<\/jats:italic>. The recombinant GAPDH was found to bind to fibronectin, laminin, and type I collagen in ligand far-Western blot assays. Of special note, the treatment of<jats:italic>P. brasiliensis<\/jats:italic>yeast cells with anti-GAPDH polyclonal antibody and the incubation of pneumocytes with the recombinant protein promoted inhibition of adherence and internalization of<jats:italic>P. brasiliensis<\/jats:italic>to those in vitro-cultured cells. These observations indicate that the cell wall-associated form of the GAPDH in<jats:italic>P. brasiliensis<\/jats:italic>could be involved in mediating binding of fungal cells to fibronectin, type I collagen, and laminin, thus contributing to the adhesion of the microorganism to host tissues and to the dissemination of infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.74.1.382-389.2006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,20]],"date-time":"2005-12-20T22:02:58Z","timestamp":1135116178000},"page":"382-389","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":166,"title":["Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase of<i>Paracoccidioides brasiliensis<\/i>Is a Cell Surface Protein Involved in Fungal Adhesion to Extracellular Matrix Proteins and Interaction with Cells"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Mo\u0302nica Santiago","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborato\u0301rio de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Cie\u0302ncias Biolo\u0301gicas, Universidade Federal de Goia\u0301s, Goia\u0304nia, Goia\u0301s, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"So\u0302nia Nair","family":"Ba\u0301o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Brasi\u0301lia, Distrito Federal, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patri\u0301cia Ferrari","family":"Andreotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual Ju\u0301lio de Mesquita Filho, Araraquara, Sa\u0303o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabri\u0301cia P.","family":"de Faria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborato\u0301rio de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Cie\u0302ncias Biolo\u0301gicas, Universidade Federal de Goia\u0301s, Goia\u0304nia, Goia\u0301s, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Sueli S.","family":"Felipe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Brasi\u0301lia, Distrito Federal, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciano","family":"dos Santos Feitosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Sa\u0303o Paulo, Sa\u0303o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Jose\u0301 Soares","family":"Mendes-Giannini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual Ju\u0301lio de Mesquita Filho, Araraquara, Sa\u0303o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ce\u0301lia Maria","family":"de Almeida Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborato\u0301rio de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Cie\u0302ncias Biolo\u0301gicas, Universidade Federal de Goia\u0301s, Goia\u0304nia, Goia\u0301s, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2004.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2005.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fgb.2004.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/38.2.1688894"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.31.3.671-676.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(00)88965-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fgb.2004.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2003.03390.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/yea.993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-1356(03)00159-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"113","volume":"30","year":"2003","unstructured":"Esquenazi, D., W. de Souza, C. 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