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Expression of HgbA is necessary for<jats:italic>H. ducreyi<\/jats:italic>to survive and initiate disease in a human model of chancroid. In this study, we used a swine model of<jats:italic>H. ducreyi<\/jats:italic>infection to demonstrate that an experimental HgbA vaccine efficiently prevents chancroid, as determined by several parameters. Histological sections of immunized animals lacked typical microscopic features of chancroid. All inoculated sites from mock-immunized pigs yielded viable<jats:italic>H. ducreyi<\/jats:italic>cells, whereas no viable<jats:italic>H. ducreyi<\/jats:italic>cells were recovered from inoculated sites of HgbA-immunized pigs. Antibodies from sera of HgbA-immunized animals bound to and initiated antibody-dependent bactericidal activity against homologous<jats:italic>H. ducreyi<\/jats:italic>strain 35000HP and heterologous strain CIP542 ATCC; however, an isogenic<jats:italic>hgbA<\/jats:italic>mutant of 35000HP was not killed, proving specificity. Anti-HgbA immunoglobulin G blocked hemoglobin binding to the HgbA receptor, suggesting a novel mechanism of protection through the limitation of heme\/iron acquisition by<jats:italic>H. ducreyi<\/jats:italic>. Such a vaccine strategy might be applied to other bacterial pathogens with strict heme\/iron requirements. Taken together, these data suggest continuing the development of an HgbA subunit vaccine to prevent chancroid.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.74.4.2224-2232.2006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,21]],"date-time":"2006-03-21T23:12:50Z","timestamp":1142982770000},"page":"2224-2232","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Immunization with the<i>Haemophilus ducreyi<\/i>Hemoglobin Receptor HgbA Protects against Infection in the Swine Model of Chancroid"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Galyna","family":"Afonina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Leduc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Nepluev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chrystina","family":"Jeter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patty","family":"Routh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Glen","family":"Almond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul E.","family":"Orndorff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcia","family":"Hobbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine"},{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Elkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine"},{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.6.3431-3439.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.65.8.3151-3158.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/315309"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.9.4290-4298.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.4.2549-2557.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.4.2309-2314.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/514751"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(02)01639-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(84)90288-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200001000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/516471"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)78098-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.11.6158-6165.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.12.6971-6977.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.63.5.2012-2020.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.5.1778-1788.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-199609000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.7.3317-3328.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.63.4.1241-1245.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","first-page":"2617","volume":"5","year":"1992","unstructured":"Elkins, C., N. 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