{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T13:28:58Z","timestamp":1787232538120,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":123,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5R01AI177842"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5R01AI177842"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sporulation is a widespread but incompletely characterized trait among gut commensals, where it underpins microbial persistence, transmission, and ecological resilience. Most insights into spore biology derive from Bacilli and Clostridia; however, little is known about sporulation in phylogenetically distant gut-associated lineages.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Turicibacter sanguinis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , a strict anaerobe linked to host serotonin metabolism, lipid homeostasis, and neurodegenerative disease, represents one such understudied taxon. Here, we integrate ultrastructural, physiological, and comparative genomic analyses to define the sporulation and germination program of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. sanguinis<\/jats:italic>\n                      . We show that\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. sanguinis<\/jats:italic>\n                      forms heat-resistant spores with a canonical core-cortex-coat architecture but displays previously undescribed features, including a dual-layered outer envelope and bimodal electron-dense coat morphotypes. Developmental stages of sporulation follow canonical stages of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      - and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Clostridium<\/jats:italic>\n                      -like sporulation, while genomic analyses reveal a hybrid regulatory architecture combining Clostridial-type Spo0A initiation with Bacillus-like late-stage sigma factor control. Germination assays and genomic signatures further indicate a nutrient-responsive, Bacillus-like pathway involving Ger-family receptors, SpoVA-mediated Ca-DPA release, and CwlJ- and SleM-type cortex hydrolases. Together, these findings identify\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. sanguinis<\/jats:italic>\n                      as a distinct spore-forming lineage within the human gut microbiota and expand the known diversity of sporulation strategies across the Firmicutes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>\n                        The gut bacterium\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Turicibacter sanguinis<\/jats:italic>\n                        is linked to critical host functions, including serotonin production and lipid homeostasis. In this work, we show that\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. sanguinis<\/jats:italic>\n                        forms spores as a potential mechanism to survive and transmit. Unlike well-studied bacteria,\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. sanguinis<\/jats:italic>\n                        encodes a unique, hybrid sporulation program that mixes regulatory and structural elements from distant bacterial species. These observations fill a significant gap in our understanding of gut microbial ecology. It suggests that\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. sanguinis<\/jats:italic>\n                        persists in the gut through a distinct, specialized survival program. The outlined mechanisms provide a roadmap to study how this bacterium persists in the gut and impacts host health.\n                      <\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.00029-26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T16:24:21Z","timestamp":1784046261000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Distinctive spore architecture and developmental biology of\n                    <i>Turicibacter sanguinis<\/i>\n                    reveal unexpected diversity among gut spore formers"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"208","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2456-9640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catalina","family":"Cort\u00e9s-Tapia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ANID \u2013 Millennium Science Initiative Program \u2013 Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of the Intestinal Microbiota","place":["Santiago, Chile"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9706-9917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisca","family":"Cid-Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01f5ytq51","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Biology, Texas A&M University","place":["College Station, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6924-5087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Moya-Beltr\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ANID \u2013 Millennium Science Initiative Program \u2013 Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of the Intestinal Microbiota","place":["Santiago, Chile"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01qq57711","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Centro Cient\u00edfico y Tecnol\u00f3gico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida","place":["Santiago, Chile"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04bpsn575","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Departamento de Inform\u00e1tica y Computaci\u00f3n, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica Metropolitana","place":["Santiago, Chile"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8048-7637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Garc\u00eda-Yunge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ANID \u2013 Millennium Science Initiative Program \u2013 Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of the Intestinal Microbiota","place":["Santiago, Chile"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2013-3041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mat\u00edas","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ANID \u2013 Millennium Science Initiative Program \u2013 Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of the Intestinal Microbiota","place":["Santiago, Chile"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01qq57711","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Centro Cient\u00edfico y Tecnol\u00f3gico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida","place":["Santiago, Chile"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2228-342X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camila","family":"Rojas-Villalobos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ANID \u2013 Millennium Science Initiative Program \u2013 Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of the Intestinal Microbiota","place":["Santiago, Chile"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01qq57711","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Centro Cient\u00edfico y Tecnol\u00f3gico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida","place":["Santiago, Chile"]},{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad San Sebasti\u00e1n","place":["Santiago, Chile"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6691-5340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ANID \u2013 Millennium Science Initiative Program \u2013 Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of the Intestinal Microbiota","place":["Santiago, Chile"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04pqpvr75","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Microbiota-Host Interactions & Clostridia Research Group, Center for Biomedical Research and Innovation (CIIB), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes","place":["Santiago, Chile"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2600-2605","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Raquel","family":"Quatrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ANID \u2013 Millennium Science Initiative Program \u2013 Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of the Intestinal Microbiota","place":["Santiago, Chile"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01qq57711","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Centro Cient\u00edfico y Tecnol\u00f3gico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida","place":["Santiago, Chile"]},{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad San Sebasti\u00e1n","place":["Santiago, Chile"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8089-5398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marjorie","family":"Pizarro-guajardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01f5ytq51","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Biology, Texas A&M University","place":["College Station, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6176-9943","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Daniel","family":"Paredes-Sabja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01f5ytq51","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Biology, Texas A&M University","place":["College Station, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-022-00673-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-022-00727-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08821"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-0965-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1600266"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2021.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2017.4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-13262-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2017.50"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-020-00782-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17645"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2022.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00147-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-019-0540-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.01794-22"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.03458-22"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.01184"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00541"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-39403-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.15792"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2019.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v11.i8.619"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","volume-title":"Molecular biological methods for Bacillus","author":"Harwood CR","year":"1990","unstructured":"Harwood CR, Cutting SM. 1990. Molecular biological methods for Bacillus. Wiley, Chichester\u202f; New York."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00325-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu170"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.4277"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btv688"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1923"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw569"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2007-8-1-r10"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btl158"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-10-421"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sysbio\/syq010"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/18.11.1546"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msp077"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mst010"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msv150"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/17.8.754"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0906412106"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5AY02550H"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.056994-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-14-60"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01463-16"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.03410-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.14194"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2013.066"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00306-16"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.02575-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.4.1693-1699.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2016.48"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-52-4-1263"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.005153"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.187.13.4592-4597.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.61.080706.093224"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2014.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0168-1605(02)00550-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.07.28.454260"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2010.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-6361-4_10"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008740"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.00106-22"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41396-020-0721-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1012224"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.GPP3-0017-2018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1758-2229.12130"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00025-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2015.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.9.4.503"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-2836(03)00205-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.177.3.716-722.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.13457"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0806301105"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000566"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1781709"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1878110"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00127-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2007.05652.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.06.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.03.060"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.TBS-0023-2016"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2921"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.179.17.5534-5542.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2009.06886.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.182.7.1828-1833.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00042-19"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.02181-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2008.05.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1997.mmi532.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.02104-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.1327"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00997-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprot.2015.03.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-micro-090816-093558"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adg9829"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.349488.122"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.187.16.5677-5682.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.184.2.584-587.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00986-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006443"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00315-17"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.01345"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_104_2","unstructured":"Antunes W Pereira FC Feliciano C Saujet L Td V Couture-Tosi E Pechine S Bruxelle J-F Janoir C Melo L Brito P Martin-Verstraete I Serrano M Dupuy B Henriques AO. 2018. Structure and assembly of a Clostridioides Difficile spore polar appendage. bioRxiv"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2006.03111.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01589-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_107_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.11.7618-7620.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.63.1.1-20.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108560"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_110_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00476-22"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_111_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21355-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_112_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-5274(00)00141-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_113_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(98)01350-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_114_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.187.20.6972-6981.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_115_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.06747-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_116_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.14505"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_117_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.59.1.1-30.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_118_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msz175"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_119_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2011.07936.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_120_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01455-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_121_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2021.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_122_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.182.19.5505-5512.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_123_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1472-765x.1997.00194.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_124_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-6361-4_9"}],"container-title":["Journal of Bacteriology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/jb.00029-26","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/jb.00029-26","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T13:02:20Z","timestamp":1787230940000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/jb.00029-26"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Tina M.","family":"Henkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"references-count":123,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/jb.00029-26"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jb.00029-26","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9193","1098-5530"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9193","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5530","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-02-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-11","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e00029-26"}}