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To characterize the forms of selection acting on enzymes required for sialic acid scavenging and catabolism, the ratios of nonsynonymous (\n            <jats:italic>\n              K\n              <jats:sub>a<\/jats:sub>\n            <\/jats:italic>\n            ) to synonymous (\n            <jats:italic>\n              K\n              <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n            <\/jats:italic>\n            ) mutation frequency were calculated for codons in the sialidase gene of 16 strains of\n            <jats:italic>M. synoviae<\/jats:italic>\n            and for its nearly identical homolog in four strains of\n            <jats:italic>Mycoplasma gallisepticum<\/jats:italic>\n            . The\n            <jats:italic>\n              K\n              <jats:sub>a<\/jats:sub>\n            <\/jats:italic>\n            \/\n            <jats:italic>\n              K\n              <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n            <\/jats:italic>\n            (\u03c9) values for the linked genes required for nutritive\n            <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n            -acetylneuraminate catabolism (\n            <jats:italic>nanA<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>nagC<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>nanE<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>nagA<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>nagB<\/jats:italic>\n            ) from nine strains of\n            <jats:italic>M. synoviae<\/jats:italic>\n            were also determined. To provide context, \u03c9 was determined for all corresponding genes of 26 strains of\n            <jats:italic>Clostridium perfringens<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            . Bayesian models of sequence evolution showed that only the sialidase of\n            <jats:italic>M. synoviae<\/jats:italic>\n            was under significant (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt; 0.001) diversifying selection, while the\n            <jats:italic>M. synoviae<\/jats:italic>\n            genes for\n            <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n            -acetylneuraminate catabolism and all genes examined from\n            <jats:italic>M. gallisepticum<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>C. perfringens<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            were under neutral to stabilizing selection. Diversifying selection acting on the sialidase of\n            <jats:italic>M. synoviae<\/jats:italic>\n            , but not on the sialidase of\n            <jats:italic>M. gallisepticum<\/jats:italic>\n            or the sialidases or other enzymes essential for sialic acid scavenging in other\n            <jats:italic>Firmicutes<\/jats:italic>\n            , is evidence that variation in specific activity of the enzyme is perpetuated by a nonnutritive function in\n            <jats:italic>M. synoviae<\/jats:italic>\n            that is influenced by the genomic context of the organism.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.00142-09","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,30]],"date-time":"2009-03-30T16:24:08Z","timestamp":1238430248000},"page":"3588-3593","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Diversifying and Stabilizing Selection of Sialidase and\n            <i>N<\/i>\n            -Acetylneuraminate Catabolism in\n            <i>Mycoplasma synoviae<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"191","author":[{"given":"Meghan","family":"May","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0880"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel R.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0880"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.166.1.25","volume":"166","year":"2004","unstructured":"Andrews, T. 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