{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T13:12:13Z","timestamp":1789650733244,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006206","name":"Biological and Environmental Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ERKP886"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERKP886"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006206","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006206","name":"Biological and Environmental Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ERKP971"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERKP971"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006206","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Horizontal gene transfer is an important evolutionary process by which DNA is exchanged between cells that are physically co-located but not direct evolutionary descendants. Horizontal transfer of highly divergent DNA is relatively easy to detect and can produce major phenotypic changes, exemplified by the acquisition of antibiotic resistance determinants. However, transfer of high-identity DNA, for example, between strains of the same species, is likely to be more frequent, harder to detect, and highly impactful in aggregate. In this work, we demonstrate that soil isolates of the alphaproteobacterium\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Novosphingobium aromaticivorans<\/jats:italic>\n                      can exchange chromosomal DNA, leading to multiple unselected recombination events spanning approximately 10% of the chromosome. Chromosomal recombination was directional and more efficient near an integrative and conjugative element (ICE), and required a relaxase found in the ICE. Recombination could not be observed in strains from closely related\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Novosphingobium<\/jats:italic>\n                      species. In combination, these results suggest that ICE-mediated recombination can efficiently recombine DNA within\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N. aromaticivorans<\/jats:italic>\n                      , increasing the adaptive potential of the species while also enforcing species boundaries through preferential intraspecific recombination.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Horizontal gene transfer is a key process in bacterial evolution. Mechanisms for transfer of mobile genetic elements are well-characterized, but less is known about how chromosomal DNA is recombined. In this work, we demonstrate that integrative and conjugative elements can efficiently recombine chromosomal DNA between strains of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Novosphingobium aromaticivorans<\/jats:italic>\n                      but not between different\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Novosphingobium<\/jats:italic>\n                      species. We conclude that integrative and conjugative element-mediated chromosomal recombination can be an important adaptive mechanism within a species, due to its ability to recombine nearby chromosomal alleles, but also serves to delineate species-specific gene pools as a result of its limited phylogenetic range.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.00175-26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T15:00:51Z","timestamp":1786114851000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Horizontal transfer of chromosomal DNA mediated by an integrative and conjugative element generates frequent localized recombination in\n                    <i>Novosphingobium aromaticivorans<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"208","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9290-7296","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marco 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