{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T03:46:43Z","timestamp":1768794403345,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]],"date-time":"2010-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1283299200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n            is a Gram-negative bacillus that is the causative agent of cholera. Pathogenesis\n            <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            occurs through a series of spatiotemporally controlled events under the control of a gene cascade termed the ToxR regulon. Major genes in the ToxR regulon include the master regulators\n            <jats:italic>toxRS<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>tcpPH<\/jats:italic>\n            , the downstream regulator\n            <jats:italic>toxT<\/jats:italic>\n            , and virulence factors, the\n            <jats:italic>ctxAB<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>tcpA<\/jats:italic>\n            operons. Our current understanding of the dynamics of virulence gene expression is limited to microarray analyses of expression at selected time points. To better understand this process, we utilized a systems biology approach to examine the temporal regulation of gene expression in El Tor\n            <jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n            grown under virulence-inducing conditions\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            (AKI medium), using high-resolution time series genomic profiling. Results showed that overall gene expression in AKI medium mimics that of\n            <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            studies but with less clear temporal separation between upstream regulators and downstream targets. Expression of\n            <jats:italic>toxRS<\/jats:italic>\n            was unaffected by growth under virulence-inducing conditions, but expression of\n            <jats:italic>toxT<\/jats:italic>\n            was activated shortly after switching from stationary to aerating conditions. The\n            <jats:italic>tcpA<\/jats:italic>\n            operon was also activated early during mid-exponential-phase growth, while the\n            <jats:italic>ctxAB<\/jats:italic>\n            operon was turned on later, after the rise in\n            <jats:italic>toxT<\/jats:italic>\n            expression. Expression of\n            <jats:italic>ctxAB<\/jats:italic>\n            continued to rise despite an eventual decrease in\n            <jats:italic>toxT<\/jats:italic>\n            . Cluster analysis of gene expression highlighted 15 hypothetical genes and six genes related to environmental information processing that represent potential new members of the ToxR regulon. This study applies systems biology tools to analysis of gene expression of\n            <jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            and provides an important comparator for future studies done\n            <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            .\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.00182-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,3]],"date-time":"2010-07-03T02:45:50Z","timestamp":1278125150000},"page":"4300-4310","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["A Systems Biology Approach To Modeling\n            <i>Vibrio cholerae<\/i>\n            Gene Expression under Virulence-Inducing Conditions"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"192","author":[{"given":"Sanjat","family":"Kanjilal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Citorik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Regina C.","family":"LaRocque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco F.","family":"Ramoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital Informatics Program, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen B.","family":"Calderwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00409-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"97","year":"2007","unstructured":"Alon, U. 2007. 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