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A chromosomally encoded homologue in\n                    <jats:italic>Shewanella algae<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>qnrA3<\/jats:italic>\n                    , has been described. We isolated two\n                    <jats:italic>qnrA3<\/jats:italic>\n                    -positive strains, one of\n                    <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    (He96) and one of\n                    <jats:italic>Kluyvera ascorbata<\/jats:italic>\n                    (Kas96), from the feces of an immunocompromised outpatient. The\n                    <jats:italic>qnrA3<\/jats:italic>\n                    allele was identical to that of\n                    <jats:italic>S. algae<\/jats:italic>\n                    except for 5 nucleotides and differed from\n                    <jats:italic>qnrA1<\/jats:italic>\n                    by 29 nucleotides affecting three amino acids. The analysis of the\n                    <jats:italic>qnrA3<\/jats:italic>\n                    genetic environment showed that\n                    <jats:italic>qnrA3<\/jats:italic>\n                    was inserted downstream from an IS\n                    <jats:italic>CR1<\/jats:italic>\n                    element at a recombination crossover site described for other resistance genes, including\n                    <jats:italic>qnrA1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and immediately upstream from IS\n                    <jats:italic>26<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a situation not described before. IS\n                    <jats:italic>26<\/jats:italic>\n                    preceded an incomplete class 1 integron which contained, among other genes,\n                    <jats:italic>aac<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>6<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2032)-\n                    <jats:italic>Ib-cr<\/jats:italic>\n                    , another transferable quinolone resistance gene, and the \u03b2-lactamase gene\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>OXA-1\/30<\/jats:sub>\n                    . The 10-kb fragment encompassing\n                    <jats:italic>qnrA3<\/jats:italic>\n                    was compared to previously described\n                    <jats:italic>qnrA1<\/jats:italic>\n                    -containing plasmids and multidrug-resistant plasmids; it shares identical sequences with pC15a, pHSH2, pQR1, pQKp311H, and pSAL-1 but with rearrangements, deletions, and mutations. Conjugal transfer of\n                    <jats:italic>qnrA3<\/jats:italic>\n                    was highly efficient (10\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) from\n                    <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    He96 or\n                    <jats:italic>K. ascorbata<\/jats:italic>\n                    Kas96 to\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    J53 but less so (10\n                    <jats:sup>\u22125<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) from either donor to a clinical strain of\n                    <jats:italic>Enterobacter cloacae<\/jats:italic>\n                    . This first description of a plasmid-borne copy and of the in vitro transfer of\n                    <jats:italic>qnrA3<\/jats:italic>\n                    is taken to illustrate its likely in vivo transfer from\n                    <jats:italic>S. algae<\/jats:italic>\n                    to the\n                    <jats:italic>Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.00243-08","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,30]],"date-time":"2008-05-30T21:09:51Z","timestamp":1212181791000},"page":"5217-5223","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["A Plasmid-Borne\n                    <i>Shewanella algae<\/i>\n                    Gene,\n                    <i>qnrA3<\/i>\n                    , and Its Possible Transfer In Vivo between\n                    <i>Kluyvera ascorbata<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"190","author":[{"given":"Christine","family":"Lascols","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universite\u0301 Paris 12, IFR10, Bacte\u0301riologie, F-94000, Creteil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Podglajen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AP-HP, Ho\u0302pital Europe\u0301en Georges Pompidou, Service de Microbiologie, Paris 15, F-75015, France"},{"name":"INSERM UMR 872, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Po\u0302le 4-Equipe 12, F-75006, France"},{"name":"Universite\u0301 Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR S 872, Paris 6, F-75015, France"},{"name":"Universite\u0301 Paris-Descartes, UMR S 872, Paris 5, F-75005, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Verdet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universite\u0301 Pierre et Marie Curie, UPRES EA 2392, Paris 6, F-75006 France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vale\u0301rie","family":"Gautier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universite\u0301 Pierre et Marie Curie, UPRES EA 2392, Paris 6, F-75006 France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Gutmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AP-HP, Ho\u0302pital Europe\u0301en Georges Pompidou, Service de Microbiologie, Paris 15, F-75015, France"},{"name":"INSERM UMR 872, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Po\u0302le 4-Equipe 12, F-75006, France"},{"name":"Universite\u0301 Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR S 872, Paris 6, F-75015, France"},{"name":"Universite\u0301 Paris-Descartes, UMR S 872, Paris 5, F-75005, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claude-James","family":"Soussy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universite\u0301 Paris 12, IFR10, Bacte\u0301riologie, F-94000, Creteil, France"},{"name":"AP-HP, Ho\u0302pital Henri Mondor, Service de Bacte\u0301riologie-Virologie-Hygie\u0300ne, Cre\u0301teil, F-94000, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekkehard","family":"Collatz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM UMR 872, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Po\u0302le 4-Equipe 12, F-75006, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuelle","family":"Cambau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universite\u0301 Paris 12, IFR10, Bacte\u0301riologie, F-94000, Creteil, France"},{"name":"AP-HP, Ho\u0302pital Henri Mondor, Service de Bacte\u0301riologie-Virologie-Hygie\u0300ne, Cre\u0301teil, F-94000, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00279-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00378-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4356","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600898","volume":"24","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bouvier, M., G. 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