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In other bacteria, modulation of flagellar rotation is essential for chemotaxis, and phosphorylation-dephosphorylation of the response regulator CheY plays a key role in regulating this rotary motion. The genome of the Lyme disease spirochete\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n            contains multiple homologues of chemotaxis genes, including three copies of\n            <jats:italic>cheY<\/jats:italic>\n            , referred to as\n            <jats:italic>cheY1<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>cheY2<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>cheY3<\/jats:italic>\n            . To investigate the function of these genes, we targeted them separately or in combination by allelic exchange mutagenesis. Whereas wild-type cells ran, paused (flexed), and reversed, cells of all single, double, and triple mutants that contained an inactivated\n            <jats:italic>cheY3<\/jats:italic>\n            gene constantly ran. Capillary tube chemotaxis assays indicated that only those strains with a mutation in\n            <jats:italic>cheY3<\/jats:italic>\n            were deficient in chemotaxis, and\n            <jats:italic>cheY3<\/jats:italic>\n            complementation restored chemotactic ability.\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">In vitro<\/jats:named-content>\n            phosphorylation assays indicated that CheY3 was more efficiently phosphorylated by CheA2 than by CheA1, and the CheY3-P intermediate generated was considerably more stable than the CheY-P proteins found in most other bacteria. The results point toward CheY3 being the key response regulator essential for chemotaxis in\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n            . In addition, the stability of CheY3-P may be critical for coordination of the rotation of the periplasmic flagella.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.00362-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,30]],"date-time":"2011-04-30T02:17:29Z","timestamp":1304129849000},"page":"3332-3341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["CheY3 of Borrelia burgdorferi Is the Key Response Regulator Essential for Chemotaxis and Forms a Long-Lived Phosphorylated Intermediate"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"193","author":[{"given":"M. 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