{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T23:28:42Z","timestamp":1791329322920,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,15]],"date-time":"2011-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1316044800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Rhizobium leguminosarum<\/jats:named-content>\n            is a Gram-negative bacterium that forms nitrogen-fixing symbioses with compatible leguminous plants via intracellular invasion and establishes a persistent infection within host membrane-derived subcellular compartments. Notably, an unusual very-long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) is found in the lipid A of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">R. leguminosarum<\/jats:named-content>\n            as well as in the lipid A of the medically relevant pathogens\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Brucella abortus<\/jats:named-content>\n            ,\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Brucella melitensis<\/jats:named-content>\n            ,\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Bartonella henselae<\/jats:named-content>\n            , and\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Legionella pneumophila<\/jats:named-content>\n            , which are also able to persist within intracellular host-derived membranes. These bacterial symbionts and pathogens each contain a homologous gene region necessary for the synthesis and transfer of the VLCFA to the lipid A. Within this region lies a gene that encodes the specialized acyl carrier protein AcpXL, on which the VLCFA is built. This study describes the biochemical and infection phenotypes of an\n            <jats:italic>acpXL<\/jats:italic>\n            mutant which lacks the VLCFA. The mutation was created in\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">R. leguminosarum<\/jats:named-content>\n            bv. phaseoli strain 8002, which forms symbiosis with\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Phaseolus vulgaris<\/jats:named-content>\n            , a determinate nodulating legume. Structural analysis using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry revealed that the mutant lipid A lacked the VLCFA. Compared to the parent strain, the mutant was more sensitive to the detergents deoxycholate and dodecyl sulfate and the antimicrobial peptide polymyxin B, suggesting a compromise to membrane stability. In addition, the mutant was more sensitive to higher salt concentrations. Passage through the plant restored salt tolerance. Electron microscopic examination showed that the mutant was developmentally delayed during symbiotic infection of the host plant\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Phaseolus vulgaris<\/jats:named-content>\n            and produced abnormal symbiosome structures.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.00392-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,16]],"date-time":"2011-07-16T07:11:02Z","timestamp":1310800262000},"page":"4766-4778","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["An\n            <i>acpXL<\/i>\n            Mutant of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli Lacks 27-Hydroxyoctacosanoic Acid in Its Lipid A and Is Developmentally Delayed during Symbiotic Infection of the Determinate Nodulating Host Plant Phaseolus vulgaris"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"193","author":[{"given":"Dusty B.","family":"Brown","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Chu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant and Soil Sciences and Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elmar L.","family":"Kannenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. 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