{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T08:57:36Z","timestamp":1768467456706,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,15]],"date-time":"2006-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1163548800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,15]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>PrfA, the master regulator of LIPI-1, is indispensable for the pathogenesis of the human pathogenListeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>and the animal pathogenListeria ivanovii<\/jats:italic>. PrfA is also present in the apathogenic speciesListeria seeligeri<\/jats:italic>, and in this study, we elucidate the differences between PrfA proteins from the pathogenic and apathogenic species of the genusListeria<\/jats:italic>. PrfA proteins ofL. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>(PrfALm<\/jats:sub>and PrfA*Lm<\/jats:sub>),L. ivanovii<\/jats:italic>(PrfALi<\/jats:sub>), andL. seeligeri<\/jats:italic>(PrfALs<\/jats:sub>) were purified, and their equilibrium constants for binding to the PrfA box of thehly<\/jats:italic>promoter (Phly<\/jats:italic>Lm<\/jats:sub>) were determined by surface plasmon resonance. In addition, the capacities of these PrfA proteins to bind to the PrfA-dependent promoters Phly<\/jats:italic>and PactA<\/jats:italic>and to form ternary complexes together with RNA polymerase were analyzed in electrophoretic mobility shift assays, and their abilities to initiate transcription in vitro starting at these promoters were compared. The results show that PrfALi<\/jats:sub>resembled the constitutively active mutant PrfA*Lm<\/jats:sub>more than the wild-type PrfALm<\/jats:sub>, whereas PrfALs<\/jats:sub>showed a drastically reduced capacity to bind to the PrfA-dependent promoters Phly<\/jats:italic>and PactA<\/jats:italic>. In contrast, the efficiencies of PrfALm<\/jats:sub>, PrfA*Lm<\/jats:sub>, and PrfALi<\/jats:sub>forming ternary complexes and initiating transcription at Phly<\/jats:italic>and PactA<\/jats:italic>were rather similar, while those of PrfALs<\/jats:sub>were also much lower. The low binding and transcriptional activation capacities of PrfALs<\/jats:sub>seem to be in part due to amino acid exchanges in its C-terminal domain (compared to PrfALm<\/jats:sub>and PrfALi<\/jats:sub>). In contrast to the significant differences in the biochemical properties of PrfALm<\/jats:sub>, PrfALi<\/jats:sub>, and PrfALs<\/jats:sub>, the PrfA-dependent promoters ofhly<\/jats:italic>(Phly<\/jats:italic>Lm<\/jats:sub>, Phly<\/jats:italic>L<\/jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>, and Phly<\/jats:italic>L<\/jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>) andactA<\/jats:italic>(PactA<\/jats:italic>Lm<\/jats:sub>, PactA<\/jats:italic>L<\/jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>, and PactA<\/jats:italic>L<\/jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>) of the threeListeria<\/jats:italic>species did not significantly differ in their binding affinities to the various PrfA proteins and in their strengths to promote transcription in vitro. The allelic replacement ofprfA<\/jats:italic>Lm<\/jats:sub>withprfA<\/jats:italic>Ls<\/jats:sub>inL. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>leads to low expression of PrfA-dependent genes and to reduced in vivo virulence ofL. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>, suggesting that the altered properties of PrfALs<\/jats:sub>protein are a major cause for the low virulence ofL. seeligeri<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.00473-06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,2]],"date-time":"2006-11-02T18:24:30Z","timestamp":1162491870000},"page":"7941-7956","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Species-Specific Differences in the Activity of PrfA,the Key Regulator of Listerial VirulenceGenes"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"188","author":[{"given":"Norman","family":"Mauder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lehrstuhl fu\u0308r Mikrobiologie, Biozentrum, Universita\u0308t Wu\u0308rzburg, D-97074 Wu\u0308rzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Regina","family":"Ecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lehrstuhl fu\u0308r Mikrobiologie, Biozentrum, Universita\u0308t Wu\u0308rzburg, D-97074 Wu\u0308rzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonja","family":"Mertins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lehrstuhl fu\u0308r Mikrobiologie, Biozentrum, Universita\u0308t Wu\u0308rzburg, D-97074 Wu\u0308rzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela I. M.","family":"Loeffler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lehrstuhl fu\u0308r Mikrobiologie, Biozentrum, Universita\u0308t Wu\u0308rzburg, D-97074 Wu\u0308rzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerald","family":"Seidel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lehrstuhl fu\u0308r Mikrobiologie, Institut fu\u0308r Mikrobiologie, Biochemie und Genetik der Friedrich-Alexander Universita\u0308t Erlangen-Nu\u0308rnberg, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mareen","family":"Sprehe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lehrstuhl fu\u0308r Mikrobiologie, Institut fu\u0308r Mikrobiologie, Biochemie und Genetik der Friedrich-Alexander Universita\u0308t Erlangen-Nu\u0308rnberg, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Hillen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lehrstuhl fu\u0308r Mikrobiologie, Institut fu\u0308r Mikrobiologie, Biochemie und Genetik der Friedrich-Alexander Universita\u0308t Erlangen-Nu\u0308rnberg, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Werner","family":"Goebel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lehrstuhl fu\u0308r Mikrobiologie, Biozentrum, Universita\u0308t Wu\u0308rzburg, D-97074 Wu\u0308rzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefanie","family":"Mu\u0308ller-Altrock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lehrstuhl fu\u0308r Mikrobiologie, Biozentrum, Universita\u0308t Wu\u0308rzburg, D-97074 Wu\u0308rzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2000.01868.x","volume":"36","year":"2000","unstructured":"B\u00f6ckmann, R., C. 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