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The pilus fiber continuously elongates or retracts, and these dynamics are functionally important. Curiously, only a subset of T4P systems employ T4P retraction ATPases to power T4P retraction. Here, we show that one of the strongest T4P machines, the gonococcal T4P, retracts without a retraction ATPase. Biophysical characterization reveals strongly reduced force and speed compared to retraction with ATPase. We propose that bacteria encode retraction ATPases when T4P have to generate high-force-supporting functions like twitching motility, triggering host cell response, or fluidizing colonies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.00778-18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,24]],"date-time":"2019-01-24T09:04:52Z","timestamp":1548320692000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Motor Properties of PilT-Independent Type 4 Pilus Retraction in Gonococci"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"201","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"Z\u00f6llner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cologne, Institute for Biological Physics, Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Cronenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cologne, Institute for Biological Physics, Cologne, 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