{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:27:12Z","timestamp":1792787232670,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,15]],"date-time":"2016-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1460678400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["AI073486"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI073486"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["AI116983"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI116983"]}]},{"name":"NIAID\/NIH","award":["AI000567"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI000567"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    is an obligate intracellular pathogen that is the etiological agent of a variety of human diseases, including blinding trachoma and sexually transmitted infections. Chlamydiae replicate within a membrane-bound compartment, termed an inclusion, which they extensively modify by the insertion of type III secreted proteins called Inc proteins. IncA is an inclusion membrane protein that encodes two coiled-coil domains that are homologous to eukaryotic SNARE (soluble\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    -ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment receptor) motifs. Recent biochemical evidence suggests that a functional core, composed of SNARE-like domain 1 (SLD-1) and part of SNARE-like domain 2 (SLD-2), is required for the characteristic homotypic fusion of\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">C. trachomatis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    inclusions in multiply infected cells. To verify the importance of IncA in homotypic fusion in\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Chlamydia<\/jats:named-content>\n                    , we generated an\n                    <jats:italic>incA<\/jats:italic>\n                    ::\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutant. Insertional inactivation of\n                    <jats:italic>incA<\/jats:italic>\n                    resulted in the formation of nonfusogenic inclusions, a phenotype that was completely rescued by complementation with full-length IncA. Rescue of homotypic inclusion fusion was dependent on the presence of the functional core consisting of SLD-1 and part of SLD-2. Collectively, these results confirm\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    membrane fusion assays identifying functional domains of IncA and expand the genetic tools available for identification of chlamydia with a method for complementation of site-specific mutants.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    replicates within a parasitophorous vacuole termed an inclusion. The chlamydial inclusions are nonfusogenic with vesicles in the endocytic pathway but, in multiply infected cells, fuse with each other to form a single large inclusion. This homotypic fusion is dependent upon the presence of a chlamydial inclusion membrane-localized protein, IncA. Specificity of membrane fusion in eukaryotic cells is regulated by SNARE (soluble\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    -ethylmaleimide sensitive factor attachment receptor) proteins on the cytosolic face of vesicles and target membranes. IncA contains two SNARE-like domains. Newly developed genetic tools for the complementation of targeted mutants in\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">C. trachomatis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    are used to confirm the minimal requirement of SNARE-like motifs necessary to promote the homotypic fusion of inclusions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.00933-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,16]],"date-time":"2016-02-16T22:49:27Z","timestamp":1455662967000},"page":"1347-1355","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["A Functional Core of IncA Is Required for Chlamydia trachomatis Inclusion Fusion"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"198","author":[{"given":"Mary M.","family":"Weber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Host Parasite Interactions Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas F.","family":"Noriea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Host Parasite Interactions Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura D.","family":"Bauler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Host Parasite Interactions Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer L.","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Host Parasite Interactions Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet","family":"Sager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Host Parasite Interactions Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan","family":"Wesolowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabienne","family":"Paumet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ted","family":"Hackstadt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Host Parasite Interactions Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsre.2005.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.12.5366-5372.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a010256","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a010256","article-title":"Chlamydial intracellular survival strategies","volume":"3","author":"Bastidas RJ","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bastidas RJ, Elwell CA, Engel JN, Valdivia RH. 2013. 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