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Genes encoding the initial steps in the degradation of salicylate and substituted derivatives were now localized and sequenced. One of the gene clusters characterized (<jats:italic>sal<\/jats:italic>) showed a novel gene arrangement, with<jats:italic>salA<\/jats:italic>, encoding a salicylate 1-hydroxylase, being clustered with<jats:italic>salCD<\/jats:italic>genes, encoding muconate cycloisomerase and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase, respectively, and was expressed during growth on salicylate and chlorosalicylate. A second gene cluster (<jats:italic>cat<\/jats:italic>), exhibiting the typical<jats:italic>catRBCA<\/jats:italic>arrangement of genes of the catechol branch of the 3-oxoadipate pathway in<jats:italic>Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic>strains, was expressed during growth on salicylate. Despite their high sequence similarities with isoenzymes encoded by the<jats:italic>cat<\/jats:italic>gene cluster, the catechol 1,2-dioxygenase and muconate cycloisomerase encoded by the<jats:italic>sal<\/jats:italic>cluster showed unusual kinetic properties. Enzymes were adapted for turnover of 4-chlorocatechol and 3-chloromuconate; however, 4-methylcatechol and 3-methylmuconate were identified as the preferred substrates. Investigation of the substrate spectrum identified 4- and 5-methylsalicylate as growth substrates, which were effectively converted by enzymes of the<jats:italic>sal<\/jats:italic>cluster into 4-methylmuconolactone, followed by isomerization to 3-methylmuconolactone. The function of the<jats:italic>sal<\/jats:italic>gene cluster is therefore to channel both chlorosubstituted and methylsubstituted salicylates into a catechol<jats:italic>ortho<\/jats:italic>cleavage pathway, followed by dismantling of the formed substituted muconolactones through specific pathways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.01192-06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,16]],"date-time":"2006-12-16T01:53:33Z","timestamp":1166234013000},"page":"1664-1674","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["A Gene Cluster Involved in Degradation of Substituted Salicylates via<i>ortho<\/i>Cleavage in<i>Pseudomonas<\/i>sp. Strain MT1 Encodes Enzymes Specifically Adapted for Transformation of 4-Methylcatechol and 3-Methylmuconate"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"189","author":[{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Ca\u0301mara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbiology, HZI\u2014Helmholtz Zentrum fu\u0308r Infektionsforschung, Inhoffenstrasse 7, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Bielecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbiology, HZI\u2014Helmholtz Zentrum fu\u0308r Infektionsforschung, Inhoffenstrasse 7, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filip","family":"Kaminski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbiology, HZI\u2014Helmholtz Zentrum fu\u0308r Infektionsforschung, Inhoffenstrasse 7, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vitor Martins","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbiology, HZI\u2014Helmholtz Zentrum fu\u0308r Infektionsforschung, Inhoffenstrasse 7, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iris","family":"Plumeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbiology, HZI\u2014Helmholtz Zentrum fu\u0308r Infektionsforschung, Inhoffenstrasse 7, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Nikodem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbiology, HZI\u2014Helmholtz Zentrum fu\u0308r Infektionsforschung, Inhoffenstrasse 7, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dietmar H.","family":"Pieper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbiology, HZI\u2014Helmholtz Zentrum fu\u0308r Infektionsforschung, Inhoffenstrasse 7, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29229","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.49.29229","volume":"270","year":"1995","unstructured":"Blasco, R., R.-M. 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