{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]],"date-time":"2022-12-23T06:15:01Z","timestamp":1671776101486},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,15]],"date-time":"2011-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1310688000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Neisseria meningitidis<\/jats:named-content>\n            is one of the main agents of bacterial meningitis, causing substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, most of the time\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">N. meningitidis<\/jats:named-content>\n            is carried as a commensal not associated with invasive disease. The genomic basis of the difference between disease-associated and carried isolates of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">N. meningitidis<\/jats:named-content>\n            may provide critical insight into mechanisms of virulence, yet it has remained elusive. Here, we have taken a comparative genomics approach to interrogate the difference between disease-associated and carried isolates of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">N. meningitidis<\/jats:named-content>\n            at the level of individual nucleotide variations (i.e., single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs]). We aligned complete genome sequences of 8 disease-associated and 4 carried isolates of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">N. meningitidis<\/jats:named-content>\n            to search for SNPs that show mutually exclusive patterns of variation between the two groups. We found 63 SNPs that distinguish the 8 disease-associated genomes from the 4 carried genomes of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">N. meningitidis<\/jats:named-content>\n            , which is far more than can be expected by chance alone given the level of nucleotide variation among the genomes. The putative list of SNPs that discriminate between disease-associated and carriage genomes may be expected to change with increased sampling or changes in the identities of the isolates being compared. Nevertheless, we show that these discriminating SNPs are more likely to reflect phenotypic differences than shared evolutionary history. Discriminating SNPs were mapped to genes, and the functions of the genes were evaluated for possible connections to virulence mechanisms. A number of overrepresented functional categories related to virulence were uncovered among SNP-associated genes, including genes related to the category \u201csymbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism.\u201d\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.01198-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,28]],"date-time":"2011-05-28T02:12:25Z","timestamp":1306548745000},"page":"3633-3641","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Using Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms To Discriminate Disease-Associated from Carried Genomes of Neisseria meningitidis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"193","author":[{"given":"Lee S.","family":"Katz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332"},{"name":"Meningitis and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nitya V.","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian H.","family":"Harcourt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meningitis and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer Dolan","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meningitis and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meningitis and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonard W.","family":"Mayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meningitis and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I. King","family":"Jordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332"},{"name":"PanAmerican Bioinformatics Institute, Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/25.17.3389"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W132","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkm392","article-title":"CodonO: codon usage bias analysis within and across genomes","volume":"35","author":"Angellotti M. C.","year":"2007","unstructured":"AngellottiM. C. BhuiyanS. B. ChenG. WanX. F.. 2007. CodonO: codon usage bias analysis within and across genomes. 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The majority of genes in the pathogenic Neisseria species are present in non-pathogenic Neisseria lactamica, including those designated \u2018virulence genes.\u2019 BMC Genomics 7:128.","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2907","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.28099-0","article-title":"Identification of pathogen-specific genes through microarray analysis of pathogenic and commensal Neisseria species","volume":"151","author":"Stabler R. A.","year":"2005","unstructured":"StablerR. A.. 2005. Identification of pathogen-specific genes through microarray analysis of pathogenic and commensal Neisseria species. 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