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A mechanism for LGT in<jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>has not been described, and investigation of this phenomenon by experimentation has been hampered by the obligate intracellular development of this pathogen. We describe here experiments that readily detected LGT between strains of<jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>in vitro. Host cells were simultaneously infected with an ofloxacin-resistant (Ofx<jats:sup>r<\/jats:sup>) mutant of a serovar L1 strain (L1:Ofx<jats:sup>r<\/jats:sup>-1) and a rifampin-resistant (Rif<jats:sup>r<\/jats:sup>) mutant of a serovar D strain (D:Rif<jats:sup>r<\/jats:sup>-1). Development occurred in the absence of antibiotics, and the progeny were subjected to selection for Ofx<jats:sup>r<\/jats:sup>Rif<jats:sup>r<\/jats:sup>recombinants. The parental strains differed at many polymorphic nucleotide sites, and DNA sequencing was used to map genetic crossovers and to determine the parental sources of DNA segments in 14 recombinants. Depending on the assumed DNA donor, the estimated minimal length of the transferred DNA was \u2265123 kb in one recombinant but was \u2265336 to \u2265790 kb in all other recombinants. Such trans-DNA lengths have been associated only with conjugation in known microbial LGT systems, but natural DNA transformation remains a conceivable mechanism. LGT studies can now be performed with diverse combinations of<jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>strains, and they could have evolutionary interest and yield useful recombinants for functional analysis of allelic differences between strains.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.01592-07","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,15]],"date-time":"2007-12-15T01:53:31Z","timestamp":1197683611000},"page":"1605-1614","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Interstrain Gene Transfer in<i>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/i>In Vitro: Mechanism and Significance"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"190","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"DeMars","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Genetics"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Weinfurter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, 555 Science Dr., Madison Wisconsin 53711"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4000","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.11.4000","volume":"85","year":"1988","unstructured":"Baehr, W., Y. 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