{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T01:15:36Z","timestamp":1788570936621,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,1]],"date-time":"2014-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406851200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Bacteriol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Iron is an essential nutrient for survival and establishment of infection by\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:named-content>\n            . The neisserial transferrin binding proteins (Tbps) comprise a bipartite system for iron acquisition from human transferrin. TbpA is the TonB-dependent transporter that accomplishes iron internalization. TbpB is a surface-exposed lipoprotein that makes the iron uptake process more efficient. Previous studies have shown that the genes encoding these proteins are arranged in a bicistronic operon, with the\n            <jats:italic>tbpB<\/jats:italic>\n            gene located upstream of\n            <jats:italic>tbpA<\/jats:italic>\n            and separated from it by an inverted repeat. The operon is under the control of the ferric uptake regulator (Fur); however, promoter elements necessary for regulated expression of the genes have not been experimentally defined. In this study, putative regulatory motifs were identified and confirmed by mutagenesis. Further examination of the sequence upstream of these promoter\/operator motifs led to the identification of several novel repeats. We hypothesized that these repeats are involved in additional regulation of the operon. Insertional mutagenesis of regions upstream of the characterized promoter region resulted in decreased\n            <jats:italic>tbpB<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>tbpA<\/jats:italic>\n            transcript levels but increased protein levels for both TbpA and TbpB. Using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) technology, we determined that a long RNA was produced from the region upstream of\n            <jats:italic>tbpB<\/jats:italic>\n            . We localized the 5\u2032 endpoint of this transcript to between the two upstream insertions by qualitative RT-PCR. We propose that expression of this upstream RNA leads to optimized expression of the gene products from within the\n            <jats:italic>tbpBA<\/jats:italic>\n            operon.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.01693-14","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,17]],"date-time":"2014-05-17T03:35:01Z","timestamp":1400297701000},"page":"2762-2774","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Identification of Regulatory Elements That Control Expression of the\n            <i>tbpBA<\/i>\n            Operon in Neisseria gonorrhoeae"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"196","author":[{"given":"Rosuany N.","family":"V\u00e9lez Acevedo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chalinee","family":"Ronpirin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin L.","family":"Kandler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William M.","family":"Shafer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"},{"name":"Laboratories of Microbial Pathogenesis, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia Nau","family":"Cornelissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","volume-title":"The global incidence and prevalence of selected curable sexually transmitted infections\u20132008","author":"WHO","year":"2012","unstructured":"WHO. 2012. 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