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Phage therapy may be a potential alternative form of treatment for these infections. Here we describe the genome of the previously described therapeutic<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. cenocepacia<\/jats:named-content>podophage BcepIL02 and its close relative, Bcep22. Phage Bcep22 was found to contain a circularly permuted genome of 63,882 bp containing 77 genes; BcepIL02 was found to be 62,714 bp and contains 76 predicted genes. Major virion-associated proteins were identified by proteomic analysis. We propose that these phages comprise the founding members of a novel podophage lineage, the Bcep22-like phages. Among the interesting features of these phages are a series of tandemly repeated putative tail fiber genes that are similar to each other and also to one or more such genes in the other phages. Both phages also contain an extremely large (ca. 4,600-amino-acid), virion-associated, multidomain protein that accounts for over 20% of the phages' coding capacity, is widely distributed among other bacterial and phage genomes, and may be involved in facilitating DNA entry in both phage and other mobile DNA elements. The phages, which were previously presumed to be virulent, show evidence of a temperate lifestyle but are apparently unable to form stable lysogens in their hosts. This ambiguity complicates determination of a phage lifestyle, a key consideration in the selection of therapeutic phages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.05287-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,30]],"date-time":"2011-07-30T04:50:36Z","timestamp":1312001436000},"page":"5300-5313","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Genomes and Characterization of Phages Bcep22 and BcepIL02, Founders of a Novel Phage Type in Burkholderia cenocepacia"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"193","author":[{"given":"Jason J.","family":"Gill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2128"},{"name":"Center for Phage Technology, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2128"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth J.","family":"Summer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2128"},{"name":"Center for Phage Technology, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2128"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William K.","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3012"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie M.","family":"Cologna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3012"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas M.","family":"Carlile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2128"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alicia C.","family":"Fuller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2128"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Kitsopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2128"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leslie M.","family":"Mebane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2128"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brandi N.","family":"Parkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2128"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2128"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa A.","family":"Carmody","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Disease, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos F.","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Phage Technology, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2128"},{"name":"Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2132"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John J.","family":"LiPuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Disease, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ry","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2128"},{"name":"Center for Phage Technology, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2128"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5962\/bhl.title.6966","volume-title":"Bacteriophages","author":"Adams M. 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